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Coll 5/25 ‘Air Route to India (Arab Coast): Landing ground at Bahrain; Bahrain Civil Air Agreement’ [‎36v] (72/1088)

The record is made up of 1 file (542 folios). It was created in 13 Sep 1932-19 Dec 1945. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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- 4 -
p n . Un ” 0, ' >s ?’* 1 nRT/ si ' te closer or, at least as close, to the centre
j. uairo as ^limoa can be found for development in the distant future tfrl
Tgz?*!? W -1* fyu** Ux~ M**tu*<
" cour3G "^ 0 ~ ollov/ is to conceive a lon^ term development
P an ior Almasa, introducing plenty of imagination into the design#
The plan desenoed above, namely, the construction of tv/o first class
runways m the form of extensions to and improvements of the Gristing North ^
boutn and 1TE-&! rum/ays, allied possibly with the re siting of the nee terminal
oui-ding^so as to serve them as efficiently as possible v/hon the-- are fully
developed, is based on expectations covering the next 10 - 15 years, although
i u rs no i^clainec^ o° be^particularly imaginative. It must bo emphasised that
le ayou* rhich is depictoa diagrammatically on the map attached is susceptible
of consxaerablo modification should this prove necessary on account of
en 0 ineeo.o.ng consiewrauions sucii as levels, drainage, etc. or on account of land
purchase difficulties that arc believed to e-Hst-
3.
ALfl-leTDRIA
1. The present staso of dOTClopmont of tho LAKE iCAEUJT land/r.iarine airport
project is as follows: - 1
(a) Mari ne bas e
n. Thc ^ etainin e are finished except for a final "seal". Although
xlooding ox tne lagoon has not yet talcen place, there is a certain amount of
’.vater in the bottom of it, in which masses of tall weeds have grown; it will be
necessary to remove these before flooding takes place preparatory to the
commenoeront of operations. The site selected for the slipway is ready,
although the work cf construction has yet to be commenced.
(b) Land ba se
. ?our ^nways f50 j'ards wide, arranged in the form of a star with a circular
perimeter track that does not serve their extremities, are finished and already
xn tise. by Misr Airways and R.A.P. aircraft. Construction is of sand-nix on a
stone xoundation. The sub-soil is alluvium. The perimeter track has already
collapsed at points where aircraft engines are normally run-up and has had to^be
reiniorced^with superimposed concrete slabs. Foundations for a new terminal
building sirdlar to that bearing completion at Almaza are in the process of being
laia.^ A direction finding (Adcock) radio station has been erected and is in useT
rsufic conorol is operated by Egyptian staff from temporary accommodation in the
building that houses the fire tender, ambulance, etc.
,^!? G i*irEt class from an operational point of view, and capable of
almos u limitless expansion by further reclamation of Lalce Mariut. The only
obstructions in the vicinity are a fey; chimneys and high buildings in the town
ox Alexandria which is Ivr - 2 miles distance to the North. Unfortunately, the
Norte s/est flightway has been so orientated that it contains the hirdiest
building in the whole town, namely, a hospital that sub-tends a sione of 1 in 50
Thas objection could be overcome by Judicious swinging and/or lateral movement
01 cue runway nef ore it is lengthened.
iwe main diificulty about the site is the insts.bility of the sub-soil It
is at present dangerous to leave the runways or the taywvmv;, even with a li-ht"
■t-win- engined communication aircraft, because the ground at the edges is so soft,
i-exore international air operations will be prepared to risk damage to their air
liners, as the result of their leaving runways and getting bogged, it will clearly
be necessary either for the runways themselves to be widened to, say, 300 ft. or "
alternatively, for consolidated shoulders, say, 150 ft. mde to be constructed on
each sioe 01 the paved runways as they stand.
2 .
Conclusion
^ Tae of developing Mariut as a staging post for international
urafiic operauea ooth by landplanes and flying boats, is v/orthj^ of the .most careful
consideration. The task of developing.tho land (and the marine) base to the size
exceptea to prove^ necessary for long and medium haul aircraft pperatloh' in the
x ture appears likely to prove both cheaper and simpler than it would be at Almaza.
Q.108092.

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Content

The file contains correspondence related to negotiations surrounding the Bahrain Civil Air Agreement (1934) between the British Government and the Government of Bahrain, along with subsequent amendments and renewals, and issues arising from the implementation of the agreement. Occasional reference is made to similar agreements with Kuwait, Muscat, and Sharjah. It also covers the preliminary negotiations in 1933 between Imperial Airways and the Government of Bahrain, and the file contains three draft versions of this agreement: see folios 489-495, 516-518, and 533-539. The latter negotiations are superseded by negotiations for the Civil Air Agreement, following a decision to standardise civil aviation procedures across the Arab Shaikhdoms.

Issues related to Muharraq Aerodrome and the Manama Flying Boat base are also covered in the file, which includes the application of a legal definition of an aerodrome to Bahrain, and efforts to define the geographical extent of these air bases. This includes negotiations with the Government of Bahrain for the purchase of additional land round the Muharraq Airfield for the Royal Air Force (RAF), and the extension of facilities such as the pier at Manama. A sketch map produced by the Government of Bahrain in 1944 can be found on folio 133 in relation to a proposal from the British Government to acquire an area – referred to as area 'C' – adjacent to the Muharraq Aerodrome for the RAF.

A map can be found on folio 245 showing the approaches to Bahrain harbour, which is included as a result of negotiations to establish a flying boat service through Bahrain in 1937.

The Arabic language content is limited to a copy of the Bahrain Civil Air Agreement (1934), which contains both Arabic and English translations (see folios 332-348), and a few items of additional correspondence with the Shaikh of Bahrain, Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah [Shaikh, Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah].

The main correspondents are as follows: the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Trenchard Craven William Fowle, Hugh Weightman, and Charles Geoffrey Prior), the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain, officials of the Air Ministry, and officials of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. . Occasional reference is made to the Government of Bahrain via Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Government of Bahrain.

The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 file (542 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 543; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Written in
English in Latin script
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Coll 5/25 ‘Air Route to India (Arab Coast): Landing ground at Bahrain; Bahrain Civil Air Agreement’ [‎36v] (72/1088), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/1972, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100054514174.0x00004b> [accessed 19 April 2024]

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