Coll 17/4 'Iraq-Syria & Syria-Transjordan frontier: delimitation' [‎19r] (42/788)

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To the south-west of the FimVira+^o ^ ,
which are not sufficient for the establishmeffi of perman' 1 ? 11 *^ the Shami y a - the resources of
very large areas of pasture-land which can be utffiSdT. ! se ttlemeut s . It contains, however
depression, m Iraq, the largest of all i s in wmtlr +r 1 tam penods of the year. The Gaar,'
of which are subject to the Syrian authorities. We sh,!? 661 ] 111 ^ 1 ' 1 ^ 6 ° f numer °us tribes several
are the Amza Fid’an (3,000 to 4,000 tents! who on y men t 10n the most important which
Aleppo district and sometimes in the northern part o/thT? 61 t0 be found some times ’in the
who winter to the east of the Jebel Aniza aXyvatSf a Ttt V r 1Iey: the Sba fe.-o tents)
Ruwalla (4,000 tents). ce as lar as the Gaara region itself; and the
of the Iraqi Aniza (Amarat)^holn^ pastures we may mention those
Although the limits of the present study do not allow ^ ,
problem of change of pasture, we hope that this short descbntV t 1 gre t ter len § th with this
t fit- *• SS." j
politicalarKi^ocml^organisatiwiissimilar^thal!oTtheBedouffi^TffieT°t,^ ur ^ s ^. ^7^x1’ w ^ ose
race, closely related to the Persian people They hav^heTnvvn^L dSar w a ?l ndo F ur0 I ,ean
Kurdist tr'^' ^ ° £ Mos lem refgiorbuuLy™s 3 ude st^stia^T
The Kurdish tribes which concern us are for the most part semi-settled Mention should
however be made of the Miran an important nomad tribe of about 750 tents whose mioraUon
extends from the areas south of Lake Van, where they spend the summer, to ihe distrfc trf he
Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. Sueidiyeh and Khanzir, where, of recent years, they have made some experiments in
(b) Semi-settled Population.
The semi-settled population as a rule inhabits villages or permanent groups of tents, which
they leave in autumn or winter to seek pasture for their flocks in the steppes. They do not return
until the spring to engage in agricultural work.
Such are the Hassenan, of Kurdish race, who occupy villages on the Tigris from the Syro-
Turkish frontier to the neighbourhood of Khanik and further west. The Alian, who are also
Kurds, and whose villages are situated between the Lailak Dagh and the Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. Jerrahi, come
down in winter with their flocks to the neighbourhood of Demir Kapu.
The Tai, an important Arab tribe, comprising about 2,000 families, are established on the
banks of the Jaghjagh, a tributary of the Kabur, where they cultivate large areas of land. They
are divided into numerous groups, one of which — that of the Duwalla — has remained predo
minantly nomad and, in autumn, traverses the region of the Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. Rumelan, sometimes descending
as far as the Sinjar, and even crossing it to reach the pastures of the Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. Ajij.
The Juhaich, who are Arabs, possess about 450 houses in the neighbourhood of Tell Afar.
They seek their pastures at very great distances, from the Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. Sufan to the north as far as the
salt deposits.
The Sherabiyin, Arabs, with their affiliated groups, have about 1,000 tents, and are regarded
as being of inferior race by the other tribes, which they often accompany as shepherds, particularly
between the Kabur and the Tigris.
Then we have the Jebburs, who are also Arabs, numbering about 3 > 000 tents, and whose villages
are on the banks of the Kabur. They spend the winter in the steppes which extend to the north
and south of the Jebel Sinjar, sometimes mixing with the Yezidis. ,
Further to the south, on the two banks of the Euphrates, we find the semi-settled tribe ot
the Ogueidat, owing allegiance to Syria. Their villages extend from a point situated forty kilo
metres north of Deir-ez-Zor to below Albu Kemal. logether they number a ou 10,000 arm ies.
Those whose villages are situated on the eastern bank of the Euphrates go m winter with their
flocks to the region of the salt deposits, while the sections to the west of the Euphrates go t
pasture in the Syrian desert as far as the Gaara. This tribe has for many y ears . ,
state of hostility with its neighbours, the Iraqi Dulem who cultivate ^ of the nveHro^
the neighbourhood of the Leachman boundary stone (eight kilome res ® , Dulem touch
as Falluja. At the place where the zones of habitation of the Ogue'dat a i^
their villages are mixed together. Thus, certain sections o e g u of the leraifa
on as far as the neighbourhood of El Kaim while the Dulem and the smaU tribe of the jera.la,
which is affiliated to them, possess cultivated land quite c ose 0 , . , • ground in
We consider that the tendency towards permanent settlement which issuing grou
these two tribes will probably help to reduce the causes o ne villages
Certain of the Yezidi tribes of the Jebel Sinjar We confine ourselves to
in winter in search of pasture, may also be regal e , ^taji j n the next chapter,
mentioning them here, and will deal with their characteristics in greater detail in
(c) Settled Population.
• t T LUza Moslem and Christian inhabitants of Beled
The settled population consists of the Yez , q. Tebel Siniar.
Sinjar (3,800) and those of the majority of the villages 24000 souls, and is divided into
The total population of this mountain ( T llbl j’. s rem ainder being inhabited by a mixed
91 villages, of which 51 are almost entirely Yezidi, the remainder g