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'File 8/1 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: GWADUR/KALAT BOUNDARY' [‎43r] (85/215)

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The record is made up of 1 file (105 folios). It was created in 14 May 1942-7 Apr 1948. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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■■pm
ill; Ohota bin Ranjo states:- About Q months a^o i v;ent ta Keoh '//here
iMav/ab baikhan*s sep 9 ys relieved me of h 5/- cash and forcibly made me
carry them to Jiv/ani. Another Sepoy Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. of Mekran Levies rode forcibly^
my camel from Jiwani to Suntsar, none of them paid me any fare*
l!2> Sakhidad bin Murad rsakhsh sta-tes:- About 8 months ago i with 4
camels went to Tump. There Mustof^s 2 Sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. (name of one of them
is rahram; threw on the open my dry fish which was loaded on my camel
and forced me to take the camels to rasni. Rrom rasni they brought me
to Turbat. My camels carried their goods. They again forced me t'o
take them ana their goods to Mand where they left me. i went to Tump
to collect my fish but found that it had been eaten up by dogs and
other animals, it was worth about Ks 30/-. The Lepoys paid me nothing*
lar
me
About 6 months ago 1 went again to Tump. There Sepoy Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. I
Mohd forced me to take my 2 camels to hulaida. There he allowed
to go my way only when x paid him Ps 5/-.
About 3 months ago l went to Turn where iMawab Lai khan 1 s
Sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. forced me to take my camels to Mand. Mates which i had pur
chased for bringing to Ouadur were thrown by the Sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. in dust never
to be recovered oy me. My dates were worth about fc 40/-.
(13; Sheruk bin Rahi and il4;Kahiruk bin isa state:- About 8 months
agp we with 4 camels loaded with dry fish went to Lech. At Lani. Nawab An honorific title; an official acting as a provincial deputy ruler in South Asia; or a significant Muslim landowner in nineteenth century India.
Laikhan's Sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. threw our fish in dust and forced us to take them
to nech. je showed Vali 4 s letter exempting us from forced labour to
Mir Lahramkhan who is Nawab An honorific title; an official acting as a provincial deputy ruler in South Asia; or a significant Muslim landowner in nineteenth century India. 1 s Vakil Elected representative or attorney, acting in legal matters such as contracting marriage, inheritance, or business; a high-ranking legal official; could also refer to a custodian or administrator. , he tore it up. v/e were kept there!
for 6 days after which we were made to take Some aepoys to Jiwani
uur fish was lost for ever, ve were paid nothing as A camel fare,
(15;Abdurrahim bin Zalka and U6; Shaban bin Jangan state:- About 8
months agp we with 3 camels went to Tump. There v/e purchased dates
for bringing to Uuadur. une day when our camels had gone out for ?
grazing Saraar Maula.dad l s Sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. came and said/'iou have deliberately
hidden your camels, now carry these saddles of 5 camels on your head. I
Thus we were forced to carry the saddles about 10 miles. After that
we were commanded to produce the camels otherwise we would be beaten
ana dispossessed of the camels for ever, we obayed. we were forced to
take some sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. to Lech.
117; Anam bin Sal Mohd and ^18; usman bin Isa state:- About 2 months
ago we with 3 camels went to Tump where we purchased dates for bring
ing to (duadur. Sardar Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Mauladad 1 s 3 sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. named Mauladad, Moor Mohd
and usman unloaded our camels and threw our dates on ground and wanted
to take our camels forcibly. .Ve protested and said that we were
Muscat subjects. Thereupon the sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. forcibly made us go to Tump
halat where they fettered us and kept us in the onen for the whole
night when it was severely cold, ve and our camels were forcibly sent
to Mand.
I19; Sakhidad bin habakar i20; hasan bin Dost Mohammad and i21; Juma
bin Larimdad state:- About 2 months ago we with 4 camels went to lump.
Sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. Mauladad. floor Mohd. Mauladad and usman forcibly took nossessi~
-on of our camels. They released 2 camels on receiving Ps 2/- from us
and sent the other forcibly to Turbat.
(22; Rahimdad bin naji (23; Jaroo bin Miadad (24; Jj'iroz bin Janggan
(2b> Aboo bin naidat (26; Ahmad bin Jan^gan (27; Dosten bin Ali(28;
nakimdad bin Janggan (29; Ladal bin Usman state:- About 2 months ago
we with 12 camels went to rhullabad. There usman, uahram and floor
Mohd sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. of Mustofi of Tump Lalat forcibly took possession of our
12 camels and took them and us to Tump. There they loaded our camels
and sent all of us forcibly to Turbat.
(30; Musain bin UangozariSl; Sharabe bin Abdul (32; Mia bin Moosa (33;
Murad bin moosa^ state:- About 8 months ago v/e with 4 camels went to
Lech where flawab mikhan's Sepoys Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. named ivadoo, Suleman and ili ivhan
to 9 k MMMXM possession of our camels, we protested and cried in
yamythat we were Muscat subjects. We were made to carry some decoys
to Jiwani. flofare was paid to us. We were also taken to Surbat. "

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Content

Following on from the previous file (IOR/R/15/6/183), this file mainly concerns issues arising in relation to the boundary between Muscat-controlled Gwadur [Gwadar] and the state of Kalat. It features the following principal correspondents: the British Agent, Gwadur; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul, Muscat; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Agent to the Governor-General and Chief Commissioner in Baluchistan; the Minister of External Affairs, Muscat and Oman; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd]; officials of the Government of India's External Affairs Department.

The file includes discussion of the following: reports that Kalat state authorities are building a road which will pass through Muscat territory; reports of coast watchers of Kalat state patrolling in the Gwadur area; details of the Gwadur district, including its extent and limits, its customs and its population size; reports of Muscat subjects being mistreated and subjected to forced labour in Kalat state; the case for laying down a 'working line' of the Gwadur-Kalat boundary for the benefit of British political officers on each side, and whether the Sultan of Muscat and Oman and the Khan of Kalat should both be informed of such an arrangement; whether the question of the formal demarcation of the Gwadur-Kalat boundary should be reopened; dissatisfaction among neighbouring tribal leaders near Gwadur over the Sultan of Muscat's recent decision to cease paying their annuities.

Also included in the file are four maps depicting Gwadur and the surrounding region. The Arabic language material mainly consists of correspondence between British officials in the Gulf and representatives of Muscat and Oman.

Extent and format
1 file (105 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. Circled serial numbers (red for received correspondence; blue/black for issued correspondence) refer to entries in the notes at the rear of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 107; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-106; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 8/1 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: GWADUR/KALAT BOUNDARY' [‎43r] (85/215), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/184, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100055627842.0x000056> [accessed 20 April 2024]

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