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'File 8/1 GWADUR-KALAT BOUNDARY 1912-1942' [‎195r] (396/436)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (213 folios). It was created in 8 Feb 1912-2 Jun 1942. It was written in English, Arabic and Farsi. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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Translation of vernacular report Nos 84.,
January, 194V, frou tbe Naib-Wasir, ^ekr?n
1. In this case Duffedar Qssia of the Customs Post at
Gabd (20 miles North of Jiwani) is concerned. The said
luffedar had proceeded cn leave from the 3sbd Post and spent
the period of his leave at Turhat. After expiry of his leave
he set out for Gabd in the company of a relative of his
named Isa end of one of the Ggbd Levies named Musa. The
Duffedar hired camels from Beki, a Cam el-driver, at Turbat.
They left Turbat and reached Farekhin Tekh (about 8 miles
from Turbat) where they saw some camels gracing. Seki told
the Duffedar that his camels were weak and were unable to
proceed further under lead and suggested that the camels
which were gracing on the spot should be bewared for the
carriage of his personal effects. The Duffedar agreed as he
was under the impression that the camels in question
belonged to K&lat State subjects. The camels were at
the moment unattended. His mrn accordingly brought the
camels and, loading their kit on them, continued their
journey. Afterfa short distance, they met owners of the
camels, who were Baluchis end were three in numbers. They
immediately cut the leading ropes of the camels, without
any preliminary enquiry, and in addition proceeded to
beat the Duffedar end his companions . Duringaffray, the
Duffedar received injuries on his head. The party of the
Duffedar was larger than that of the Baluchis and the
Duffedar*s party accordingly succeeded in arresting the
Baluchs and threatened to beat them. The said Baluchis
replied that they were the men ef the Sultan of Muscat and
showed their rehdaris to the Duffedar. The Duffedgr .asked
them why they had not shown their ra h4.^ in the first
instance and why they had beat* him without cause. The said
Baluchs then requested the Duffedar to excuse them. After
that they were released with their camels.
M
f
g m It Xs evident from the above statement that the Duffedar
and his companions are not to blame. The fault lay with the
Muscat Baluchis. The Duffedar was unaware as to wh^m the
owners ©f the camels were. A*s these camels were gj.c.zlng j.n
the Turbat are© he therefore imagined them t® belong to
Kalat State subjectsand begSE&d them as in the custom in
such cases if the need arises. The Baluchis ought to have
informed the Duffedar that they were Muscat Subjects and
that they had rphdarla in t^eir possession,but they took the
law into their own hands and attacked the Duffeder* On defeat
they showed their rahdaris to the Duff edar^ On ex-mining
them, the said Duffedar set them free. It i s
the Baluchis reported the occurrence to the Vvali of Gwcdur in
the first instance owing to fear, thinking that th _ Buffedar
would report them. It seems that they have made a false
accusation against the Duffedar.
3 In addition to this I have personally spoken t© the
Wall of Gwadur in this connection. I informed him that we had
received one letter in Arabic end another in Persian to the
address of the W&sir-i-Azsm. The names cf the parties
concerned were not mentioned in the abovo-m&ntiened letters
and it was not therefore possible to carry out .- complete
investigation owing to the incompleteness of the letters, un
receipt of a letter from the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Muscat, through
the Assistant Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. In Mekran, an investigplan In
the case was carried out. From the investigation mad. it is
OUK iLtScefiFMe hid SlEuflKo release their camels, they
"t then t® have complained against the Duffedar to the
ought thenw nave They did n0t d# without making
ne<! Preliminary enquiries, they attacked the Duffedar. The
t^d D^fedar was a respectable efflclal. As he was insulted,
he *c.£ therefore, compelled to beat the said Baluchis, not

About this item

Content

This volume is mainly comprised of correspondence relating to the boundary between Muscat-controlled Gwadur [Gwadar] and the state of Kalat. Much of the correspondence discusses longstanding British concerns that the boundary should be officially defined and demarcated before any valuable minerals are discovered in the area. A settlement of the boundary is initially suggested in May 1913 by the Agent to the Governor-General and Chief Commissioner in Baluchistan (Lieutenant-Colonel J Ramsay); the issue is raised again in May 1938, with the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Sir Trenchard Craven William Fowle) making the case for the establishment of a small boundary commission for the purpose of settling the frontier dispute.

The volume includes discussion of the following: the Sultan of Muscat's concerns regarding a reported Trans-Persian railway survey near Gwadur in 1912; territorial disputes between the Gwadur and Mekran authorities; trade disputes between Kalat and Muscat (also spelled as Maskat and Masqat in the earlier correspondence); whether the Burmah Oil Company and Indian Oil Concessions Limited should be permitted to negotiate with the Sultan of Muscat, in spite of the fact that the Sultan cannot grant an oil concession without the Government of India's approval; the likelihood of the Khan of Kelat being in favour of demarcation; travel arrangements and expenses for the proposed boundary commission; the alleged crossing of the Gwadur boundary by Kalat state officials; rumours of the Khan of Kalat's intentions to invade Gwadur; reported incidents between Muscat and Kalat subjects.

The volume features the following principal correspondents: the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul, Muscat; the Agent to the Governor-General and Chief Commissioner in Baluchistan; the British Agent, Gwadur; the Sultan of Muscat; the Director of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Section of the Indo-European Telegraph Department; the Assistant Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Mekran; officials of the Government of India's External Affairs Department.

Also included in the volume is a sketch map of Gwadur and the surrounding region. The Arabic language material mainly consists of correspondence between British representatives and the Sultan of Muscat. The file also includes a small amount of correspondence in Farsi.

Whilst the volume includes material dating from 1912 to 1942, it should be noted that there is no material covering the period of 1920-1936.

Extent and format
1 volume (213 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume. Circled serial numbers refer to entries in the notes at the rear of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 215; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 62-202; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English, Arabic and Farsi in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 8/1 GWADUR-KALAT BOUNDARY 1912-1942' [‎195r] (396/436), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/183, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100056287180.0x0000c5> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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