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'File 8/1 GWADUR-KALAT BOUNDARY 1912-1942' [‎203r] (412/436)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (213 folios). It was created in 8 Feb 1912-2 Jun 1942. It was written in English, Arabic and Farsi. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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*
No. 28/521
From,
British i^ency,
Guadur, tne 14th
May 1942
The British Agent,
G-uadur.
To,
Sir,
The political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. & H.B.M’s Consul,
Muscat •
1 have the honour to report that about a fortnight ago, the
Yali of Guadur sent Umar, a sepoy Term used in English to refer to an Indian infantryman. Carries some derogatory connotations as sometimes used as a means of othering and emphasising race, colour, origins, or rank. , with two guns and 8 £
and also & verbal message to the Vali of Peshkan• The message was*
"I have received instructions from MuscatOali of .t'eshkan ^lould be
on the watch and that he should see that no. official of Kalat state
enters Guadur territory. Accordingly if Assistant boli.iod.1 Agent,
Vanimir Naib Wazir Minister. , Mekran, or any other official comes to resnKan^^
ht^s^uM be driven out and not allowed to stay in Guadur territory.
TheVali ofbeshkan replied in writing, "1 m prepared to carry out
these orders nrovided the Vali of Guadur writes to me
Thetali of Guadur is keeping silent m reply to /all o. Veshkan s
letter,
O Two davs ago the Vali of Guadur wrote to some 3 or 4 Baluchi
sheikhs of Negort (.Guadur territory/, "I learn that Bai Khan ( Sardar Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division.
Bahadur Nawab An honorific title; an official acting as a provincial deputy ruler in South Asia; or a significant Muslim landowner in nineteenth century India. Bai Khan, Chief of Mekran/ int.ends to invade Guadur.
You should arrange to petrol the ^boundary line ana keep ^rt. „
you observe any sign oi invaders approach, let me kno.f at
3. From the above it appears that the Vali has gone mad like his
predecessor who in September 1939 expected raid xrom Kalat t^ate
and sent a disturbing telegram to the Sultan and also made a childisl

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Content

This volume is mainly comprised of correspondence relating to the boundary between Muscat-controlled Gwadur [Gwadar] and the state of Kalat. Much of the correspondence discusses longstanding British concerns that the boundary should be officially defined and demarcated before any valuable minerals are discovered in the area. A settlement of the boundary is initially suggested in May 1913 by the Agent to the Governor-General and Chief Commissioner in Baluchistan (Lieutenant-Colonel J Ramsay); the issue is raised again in May 1938, with the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Sir Trenchard Craven William Fowle) making the case for the establishment of a small boundary commission for the purpose of settling the frontier dispute.

The volume includes discussion of the following: the Sultan of Muscat's concerns regarding a reported Trans-Persian railway survey near Gwadur in 1912; territorial disputes between the Gwadur and Mekran authorities; trade disputes between Kalat and Muscat (also spelled as Maskat and Masqat in the earlier correspondence); whether the Burmah Oil Company and Indian Oil Concessions Limited should be permitted to negotiate with the Sultan of Muscat, in spite of the fact that the Sultan cannot grant an oil concession without the Government of India's approval; the likelihood of the Khan of Kelat being in favour of demarcation; travel arrangements and expenses for the proposed boundary commission; the alleged crossing of the Gwadur boundary by Kalat state officials; rumours of the Khan of Kalat's intentions to invade Gwadur; reported incidents between Muscat and Kalat subjects.

The volume features the following principal correspondents: the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul, Muscat; the Agent to the Governor-General and Chief Commissioner in Baluchistan; the British Agent, Gwadur; the Sultan of Muscat; the Director of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Section of the Indo-European Telegraph Department; the Assistant Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Mekran; officials of the Government of India's External Affairs Department.

Also included in the volume is a sketch map of Gwadur and the surrounding region. The Arabic language material mainly consists of correspondence between British representatives and the Sultan of Muscat. The file also includes a small amount of correspondence in Farsi.

Whilst the volume includes material dating from 1912 to 1942, it should be noted that there is no material covering the period of 1920-1936.

Extent and format
1 volume (213 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume. Circled serial numbers refer to entries in the notes at the rear of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 215; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 62-202; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English, Arabic and Farsi in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 8/1 GWADUR-KALAT BOUNDARY 1912-1942' [‎203r] (412/436), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/183, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100056287181.0x00000d> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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