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Coll 6/67(1) 'Boundaries of South-Eastern Arabia and Qatar.' [184v] (373/794)
The record is made up of 1 volume (392 folios). It was created in 13 Jun 1934-13 Dec 1934. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
1
24
“ Secondly I assure the Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
on the part of the
Imam Abdulla bin Feisul that he will not oppose or injure British subjects
residin°’ in territories under the authority of Abdulla bin I eisul , and
“ Thirdly, I assure the Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
, on the part of Imam
Abdulla bin Feisul, that he will not injure or attack the territories of the
Arab tribes in alliance with the British Government, especially of the Kingdom^
of Muscat, further than in receiving the zakot that has been customary of old.”
119 It will be observed that this declaration was volunteered by the Wahabi
representative and does not in itself constitute a treaty between the two parties.
Its acceptance was approved by the Government of India, and the Resident
thereupon wrote to the Whhabi Amir a letter from which the following is an
extract : —
“I have received Your Highness’ friendly letter by the hand of your
confidential servant, Md. bin Abdulla bin Mana and suite.
“ You state that you are desirous for peace, and your envoy has handed to
me a paper, copy of which I enclose and which has been approved by HAL
Government.
“ If difficulties should hereafter arise as to the payment to be made to you
by Muscat, the English Government do not wish to interfere or become
guarantee in a matter which concerns you and the Sultan. But the English
Government would not object to my using my good offices in arranging the
details of an agreement, and your Envoy informs me that in the contingency
of such question arising, you will write and request my good offices. . . .
“ I hope this may find you in health, and if you have any difficulty send to
me a confidential Agent, and I shall always be happy to meet him on friendly
terms as I have Md. bin Abdulla bin Manad
Basis of a Wahabi Claim that EM. Government had entered into previous
Agreements with Wahabi Amirs, 1866.
120. The Resident, in reporting the result of his final interview with the envoy,
wrote : “ I asked the Wahabi envoys what the Amir meant by stating in his letters
that agreements had existed of old between his (government and the British. Phe
envoys replied that the Wahabi Amirs had, from time to time, received friendly
letters from the British authorities, and that the Wahabi Government considers a
friendly letter to be synonymous with a Treaty Agreement. ...”
Government of India and Turkish Claims to Suzerainty, 1866.
121. In connection with the Sur disturbances Sir Lewis Pelly appears to have
suggested that Turkish interference should be invoked against the Wahabi Amir.
The Government of India, on 11th June 1866, recorded the following comments
G of I to 011 this proposal. “ . . . The Government of India entirely concurs with the
Bo., No. 602,
Government of Bombay
From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions.
in discountenancing Lt.-Col. Felly’s suggestion that the
11.6.66. interference of the Turkish Government should be invoked. Ho good, but much
harm, would result from the question of Turkish supremacy over the W T ahabi
territory being imported into our relations with the latter power. It has always
been, our policy (see letter from H.B.M. Consul-General at Bagdad to our Ambassador
at Constantinople, dated 1st January 1862) [paragraph 108 above], to repudiate the
Porte’s claim to authority in that quarter; and the Governor-General in Council is
satisfied that any deviation from the principle will give rise to complications much
to be deprecated.”
122. There were no further developments of importance between 1866 and the
fall of Baraimi in 1869.
Summary, 1840-1870.
123. At the beginning of this period the Wahabis were subject to the Egyptians.
Between 1843 and 1865 they reasserted themselves, re-established themselves
(though not apparently on the same scale or with the same influence as in the past)
in
Trucial Oman
A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates.
, were deterred from annexing Bahrein only by British interference,
and conducted operations against Muscat. The Government of India found it
necessary to remind them of the independence of the Trucial Sheikhs, and of the
special relations between H.M. Government and those Sheikhs (1853, 1855) to defend
Bahrein against them (1850-51, 1859), to intervene to prevent them from aggression
on Muscat, and to conduct effective expeditions against them or their proteges in 1861
Political A,
June 1866,
Nos. 64-5.
About this item
- Content
This volume primarily concerns British policy regarding the south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia.
It includes interdepartmental discussion regarding the approach that the British Government should take in reaching a settlement with King Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] over the demarcation of the boundaries.
Much of the correspondence discusses the legal and international position of what is referred to as the 'blue line' (the frontier which marked the Ottoman Government's renunciation of its claims to Bahrain and Qatar, as laid down in the non-ratified Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913 and redefined and adopted in the Anglo-Ottoman convention of the following year), a line which is not accepted by Ibn Saud as being binding upon his government.
The volume features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch); the Chief Commissioner, Aden (Bernard Rawdon Reilly, referred to in the correspondence as Resident); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Sir Philip Cunliffe-Lister); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir John Simon); the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs; officials of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the War Office, and the Air Ministry.
Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:
- Whether the British should press Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] for a general settlement of all outstanding major questions.
- The extent of territory that the British should be prepared to include in any concession made to Ibn Saud.
- The British response to what are referred to as Ibn Saud's 'ancestral claims' to territories east of the blue line.
- Sir Andrew Ryan's meetings with Ibn Saud in Taif, in July 1934.
- Meetings held at the Foreign Office between Sir Andrew Ryan, George Rendel (Head of the Foreign Office's Eastern Department), Fuad Bey Hamza (Deputy Minister for Saudi Foreign Affairs), and Hafiz Wahba (Saudi Arabian Minister in London), in September 1934.
- The boundaries of a proposed 'desert zone', suggested by Rendel, where Ibn Saud would hold personal rather than territorial rights.
- Saudi-Qatari relations.
- Whether tribal boundaries should be considered as a possible solution to the boundary question.
Also included are the following:
- Two copies of an India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. memorandum entitled 'Historical Memorandum on the Relations of the Wahabi Amirs and Ibn Saud with Eastern Arabia and the British Government, 1800-1934', dated 26 September 1934.
- Copies of the minutes of meetings of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, dated 8 November 1934 and 12 September 1934.
- A copy of a report by Bertram Thomas regarding a Trans-Oman air route reconnaissance, which was undertaken in May-June 1927.
The Arabic material consists of one item of correspondence (an English translation is included).
The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 4).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (392 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 394; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/2134
- Title
- Coll 6/67(1) 'Boundaries of South-Eastern Arabia and Qatar.'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:197v, 199r:199v, 201r:281v, 283r:328v, 340r:362v, 363ar, 363r:389v, 390ar, 390r:393v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence