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Coll 6/67(1) 'Boundaries of South-Eastern Arabia and Qatar.' [‎267r] (538/794)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (392 folios). It was created in 13 Jun 1934-13 Dec 1934. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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The Wahabis and H.M. Government, 1840-1870.
Overtures of Amir Khalid, 1841.
w 4 i • i A ! nir ^ alld being appointed by the Turkish Government in 1840-41
as W all of ISejd, he addressed a friendly letter to the British native agent Non-British agents affiliated with the British Government. at Bahrein
expressing an earnest desire to renew “the amicable and cordial relations which
formerly subsisted between his late father, Sand, and the British Government,” and Bo. Sel.
hmtmg that he had wished to open the correspondence at an earlier date but that XXIV, 450.
he had been prevented by Mehemet Ali Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. . Lor. 1, 1106.
British Warning to Khalid against Aggression on Oman, October 1841.
1841 ‘w Government of Bombay From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions. deputed a British officer to
■ fc Kt| alid at his camp at Hasa, consequent on rumours that he contemplated the
invasion of Oman. He gave satisfactory guarantees that he had no such intention.
96. In 1842 overtures made to the Trucial Sheikhs by the Amir Abdulla, who Lor. 1,1108.
T i o 0 Jo rt l rOV ; n . Kh 2¥ February 1842, drew a formal protest from the Resident.
In 843 t.ie Amir Feisul haying overthrown the Amir Abdulla, intimated to the
irucial and inland Sheikhs of Oman that he proposed to bring that area under his
authority.
British Assistance ref used to Beni Naim of Baraimi, 1843.
. "bbe Chiefs of Baraimi thereupon in November 1843 applied for the aid of Bo. Sel.,
the British Government^ They were informed in reply that “the communications XXIV, 454.
formerly entered into with them by the British Government had reference solely
to the advance of the Egyptian troops and the connection subsisting between
H.H. Muhammad Ah Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. with Nejd, but that these circumstances being now
altogether changed and the impending danger removed by the departure of the
troops. ymder Khurshid Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. from that province, it was now the intention of
the British Government to withdraw from all interference in the internal affairs of
Arabia.
Overtures by Amir Feisal, 1843.
98. At about the same time the Wahabi Amir on his side informed the Resident Bo. Sel.,
o is anxiety for the renewal of the amicable relations which bad formerly existed XXIV,
between his father, Turki, and the British Government. An appropriate ‘response 157 - 8 ’ 454
was made to this, communication, and the Amir was also informed that the sole
object of the British Government in this quarter was the suppression of plunder
and bloodshed on the seas and the security of all well-disposed inhabitants on the
shores of the Gulf.
Policy of Government of India and Government of Bombay From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions. , 1843-1845.
99. The Government of Bombay From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions. , having at about this time suggested doubts as Ne i d Pr e cis ,
to whether the Wahabi Amir should be allowed to obtain a preponderating influence § 50 ' 2,
at Bahrein and over the Arab chiefs who were in treaty relations with H.M.
Government, were informed by the Government of India that it was “ not at
present necessary or expedient to interfere with the proceedings of the Chief.”
100. The Government of Bombay From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions. reverted to the subject on 26th August 1844,
and pointed out that in the “ now certain event of the Amir Feisal, the legitimate
Wahabi Ruler, extending his authority over the chiefs of Oman, and especially if
he endeavoured to effect this object by sea,” British relations with Oman and the
maritime Arab Chiefs might be affected and the resumption of piracy facilitated.
They suggested the possibility of an arrangement with the Amir ratifying and
securing existing engagements at sea; “ In other words, that as the price of
forbearance on the part of the British Government this chief should become a
party to its maritime engagements, whereby commercial interests may be secured.”
The Government of India took no action on this suggestion.
101.. Early in 1845, consequent on the re-establishment of the Wahabi Agent
at Baraimi and his inroads into Muscat, the Bombay Government again consulted
the Government of India as to the action to be taken if Muscat asked for British
help against the Wahabis. The Government of India replied that if “ the mere q. 0 f I. to
^establishment of the Wahabi power in Oman and the reception of the willing Bo., 6.5.45.

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Content

This volume primarily concerns British policy regarding the south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia.

It includes interdepartmental discussion regarding the approach that the British Government should take in reaching a settlement with King Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] over the demarcation of the boundaries.

Much of the correspondence discusses the legal and international position of what is referred to as the 'blue line' (the frontier which marked the Ottoman Government's renunciation of its claims to Bahrain and Qatar, as laid down in the non-ratified Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913 and redefined and adopted in the Anglo-Ottoman convention of the following year), a line which is not accepted by Ibn Saud as being binding upon his government.

The volume features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch); the Chief Commissioner, Aden (Bernard Rawdon Reilly, referred to in the correspondence as Resident); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Sir Philip Cunliffe-Lister); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir John Simon); the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs; officials of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the War Office, and the Air Ministry.

Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:

  • Whether the British should press Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] for a general settlement of all outstanding major questions.
  • The extent of territory that the British should be prepared to include in any concession made to Ibn Saud.
  • The British response to what are referred to as Ibn Saud's 'ancestral claims' to territories east of the blue line.
  • Sir Andrew Ryan's meetings with Ibn Saud in Taif, in July 1934.
  • Meetings held at the Foreign Office between Sir Andrew Ryan, George Rendel (Head of the Foreign Office's Eastern Department), Fuad Bey Hamza (Deputy Minister for Saudi Foreign Affairs), and Hafiz Wahba (Saudi Arabian Minister in London), in September 1934.
  • The boundaries of a proposed 'desert zone', suggested by Rendel, where Ibn Saud would hold personal rather than territorial rights.
  • Saudi-Qatari relations.
  • Whether tribal boundaries should be considered as a possible solution to the boundary question.

Also included are the following:

The Arabic material consists of one item of correspondence (an English translation is included).

The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 4).

Extent and format
1 volume (392 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 394; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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Coll 6/67(1) 'Boundaries of South-Eastern Arabia and Qatar.' [‎267r] (538/794), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2134, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100056574350.0x00008b> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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