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Coll 28/67 ‘Persia. Annual Reports, 1932–’ [275r] (549/644)
The record is made up of 1 file (320 folios). It was created in 6 Dec 1933-27 Mar 1947. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
17
March, in order to reassure the employees of the company, a battalion of British
troops was sent to the area. Later in the year a joint examination of the security
measures of the area was made by officers detailed by the Persian Ministry for
War and the Tenth Army and as a result of their recommendations the local
Persian forces were increased. This has improved security but has not entirely
prevented tiresome incidents.
80. The Arabs have, on the whole, been reasonably well behaved. Numbers
them have found employment with the British forces, and the tribes generally,
in the hope of obtaining British support against the Persian Government, have
been pro-British in sentiment. Certain lawless elements were, however, unable
to refrain from raiding their peaceful neighbours, and in the autumn, with a
show of force, the disarmament of these sections was undertaken by the Persian
army. That it has been proceeding without bloodshed is largely due to the
moderating influence of Colonel Macann, His Majesty’s Consul-General at
Ahwaz. on both Arabs and Persians.
Kurdistan.
80a. The Persian army suffered a reverse in February when a detachment
of troops, occupying iSaqqiz, were dispersed and the town sacked by Kurdish
tribesmen. The Persian army re-took Saqqiz in x\pril, and negotiations were
opened with the rebel Kurds by Marshal Sfiahbakhti, Persian General Officer
Commanding at Kermanshah. As a result of representations by His Majesty’s
Minister, special publicity was given in Kurdistan to the Prime Minister s
declaration of the 31st March about the remedying of grievances, and leaflets
were even dropped from the air. The Governor-General of Kermanshah,
Amir-i-Kull, a local landowner, also toured the area with a view to remedying
discontents. Hama Rashid, the principal Kurdish rebel, did not himself formally
submit to the Persian Government, but his brother was made chief of the
gendarmerie and various other members of his family received Government posts.
The situation was quiet in South Kurdistan for the rest of the year.
81. Northern Kurdistan and the Kurdish parts of Azerbaijan were largely
within the zone where Russian troops were stationed, and Soviet policy towards
the Kurds was the subject of considerable speculation throughout the year.
82. Early in the year, it was reported that the Kurdish notables who visited
Baku at the end of . 1941 had found considerable encouragement in the Soviet
authorities towards their nationalist aspirations. Colour was lent to this
allegation by the fact that the Soviets were objecting to the presence of Persian
troops in Western Azerbaijan, and prevented them from reinforcing the
gendarmerie there. To all intents and purposes the Persian Government lost
control in Western Azerbaijan.
83. Early in May a serious incident occurred at Rezaieh, when the
depleted forces of the Persian gendarmerie attempted to disarm some Kurds
entering the town. A considerable number of Kurds surrounded the town,
pillaged the adjacent villages and attacked and disarmed the gendarmerie posts.
A great number of people fled from Azerbaijan and official complaints were made
hy the Persian Government to the Soviet Government and to His Majesty’s
Government in the United Kingdom that they were prevented by the Soviet
authorities from preserving order inside Persia. There is little doubt, however,
that the Persian Government exaggerated the disorders in order to put the
Soviet authorities in the wrong and to support their demand to be allowed to
send troops to Azerbaijan. Subsequently, some Persian troops and gendarmerie
were sent, with Soviet permission, to Azerbaijan, but the Persians complained
that their forces in Rezaieh were virtually kept prisoner by the Russian authori-
ties. . . , n . . .. .
84. The objectives of the Russian authorities m behaving with such
indulgence towards the Kurds have never been quite clear, but it seems probable
that they were anxious to have friendly tribes on the frontier between Azerbaijan
and Turkey in the event of the military situation in the Caucasus deteriorating.
The Soviet authorities were undoubtedly themselves shocked and surprised by
the excesses which the Kurds committed.
84a. The influence of the Soviets with the Kurds was thereafter used to
promote order. In July, a hundred Kurdish chiefs were invited to visit the
Governor-General of Western Azerbaijan, and were exhorted by him and by the
Soviet Consul-General, to behave as good citizens. In August, the Soviet
authorities called the Kurdish leaders together at Ushnu, warned them against
creating trouble and threatened to take their own measures to suppress any
[25481] ' D
About this item
- Content
Annual reports for Persia [Iran] produced by staff at the British Legation in Tehran. The reports were sent to the Foreign Office by HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary A diplomatic representative who ranks below an ambassador. The term can be shortened to 'envoy'. at Tehran (from 1943, Ambassador to Iran). The reports cover the following years: 1932 (ff 2-50); 1933 (ff 51-98); 1934 (ff 99-128); 1935 (ff 129-165); 1936 (ff 166-195); 1937 (ff 196-227); 1938 (ff 228-249); 1939 (ff 250-251); 1940 (ff 252-257); 1941 (ff 258-266); 1942 (ff 267-277); 1943 (ff 278-289); 1944 (ff 290-306); 1945 (ff 307-317); 1946 (ff 318-320).
The reports for 1932 to 1938 are comprehensive in nature (each containing their own table of contents), and cover: an introductory statement on affairs in Persia, with a focus on the Shah’s programme of modernisation across the country; an overview of foreign relations between Persia and other nations, including with the United Kingdom, British India, and Iraq; Persia’s involvement in international conventions and agreements, for example the League of Nations and the Slave Traffic Convention; British interests in or associated with Persia, including Bahrain and Bahrainis resident in Persia, the Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. at Bushire, the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, Imperial Bank of Persia, and the Imperial and International Communications Company; political affairs in Persia, including court and officials, majlis, tribes and security; economic affairs in Persia (government finances and budgets, trade, industry, agriculture, opium production); communications (aviation, railways, roads); consular matters; military matters (army, navy, air force).
Reports from 1939 to 1946 are briefer in nature, Reports from 1941 onwards focusing on the Anglo-Soviet occupation of Persia, and the role of United States advisors in the Persian Government’s administration.
The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (320 folios)
- Arrangement
The file’s reports are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. Each report for the years 1932-1938 begins with a table of contents referring to that report’s own printed pagination sequence.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 321; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
The file contains one foliation anomaly, f 308A
Pagination: Each of the reports included in the file has its own printed pagination system, commencing at 1 on the first page of the report.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/3472A
- Title
- Coll 28/67 ‘Persia. Annual Reports, 1932–’
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:91r, 92r:308v, 308ar:308av, 309r:320v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence