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'File 8/78 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: RENDITION OF GWADUR TO KALAT.' [92r] (183/192)
The record is made up of 1 file (94 folios). It was created in 16 Oct 1913-25 Jun 1948. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
d«t«i 9 grain and cotton reach Caadur fro» the Interior while tea.
•ugar f rice f plecegoods etc. are i?Rported froas India and fesala*
•re is a considerable transit trade much of it of an illicit nature.
6 . In 1946 the Sultan asked the Government of India for the
loan of a British administrator for Gwadur. no British officer
could be spared but the services of an Indian official from Baluchis-
tan were put at the Sultan's disposal. He arrived in Gwadur early
In 1947 ana since then he has opened a school in which over ISC boys
are studying, and with a great deal of difficulty has ployed a
doctor and sanitary inspector who are expected to arrive from India
during tne current month. He has endeavoured to introduce a ration
ing system but has met with constant opposition from the Wall, the
Baluchi headsmen and the Sultan*s Customs official who have been
th#lr °" n purposes much of the quotas of cloth and food
stuffs allotted to Gwadur.
7. although the people of Gwadur cannot be expected to have any
feeling of loyalty towards the Sultan there is little or no internal
agitation against his rule* The people as a whole have no political
consciousness and in any case are better off than the population of
the adjoining parts of fcakran who owing to the maladministration *ftd
rapacity of the Khan's officials are reported to be almost starving
and to be unable to obtain any cloth* There was a so-called Peform
Association at Gwadur consisting of ten or twelve young Baluchis who
may have secretly cherished the idea of throwing off the Sultan's
rule out this has recently been disbanded owing to a communal incident
in which its leader was Involved*
Kalat State National Party, which has affiliat
ions with the Indian Congress, has the return of Gwadur as one of the
planas in its programme. Although with the accession of the Khan
to Pakistan this party has presumably lost its influer.ee. local
sentiment in the State must generally favour this object* and the
Khan had undoubtedly set his mind on It. According to the news
papers however the Pakistan Government has now recognised tfakran as
a separate State under
Nawab
An honorific title; an official acting as a provincial deputy ruler in South Asia; or a significant Muslim landowner in nineteenth century India.
Bai Khan. Whatever the upshot of this
may be It would seem probable that both the Khan and the
Nawab
An honorific title; an official acting as a provincial deputy ruler in South Asia; or a significant Muslim landowner in nineteenth century India.
will
be too much concerned with the question of the future of Makran as
a whole to worry about Gwadur for the present while the Pakistan
government are hardly likely to take up the matter on their account
owing to their many otner preoccupations. In these circumstances it
*.r***expect that the return of Gwadur to Kalat or Hakran
will not become a live issue for a year or two at least, and perhaps
id
.
9. Unci.r liwtructlcns frora Hit Gov.rnm.nt the Sultan
hae ba.n ask.d what hU attitude »ould be If he war. approached *ith
a proposal for the aala of G.adur. and I had two dlacuaalona with him
,auri ?f »y recent vialt to Muscat. I pointed out to
!£ ♦ t ?e t . C "* 2 u L c ? uld ~ otlly b * *« b«inf under alien rul. and
that if trie i-akistsn Government remained stable they were likely in
due course to call attention to this fact and press for its incorpor-
ation under the same administration as the rest of Mekran. He replied
wished to repeat "this Kashmir business ,, let them do so
hon ® t * r would not be affected. Kven so the Pakistanis were
rrKlsh subjects, His Majesty's Government had recognised Gwadur as
one of his dependencies and the matter would be one for His Majesty's
Government to deal with. With regard to possible negotiations for
the sale ot Gwadu* he reminded me that 1939 he had offered to lease
the dependency to Kis Majesty's Government and said that he was still
wUling to negotiate regarding it with His Majesty's Government but
lid not at all like the idea of handing it over direct to
either of the two new dominions. In particular he showed that he
had no very high opinion of the Pakistan Government. Finally he said
•Ottld be willing tc accept His Majesty's Government's advice.
*4 1 on to ® iy ***** * h# **** v«y could justify his
retention of Gwalur was to make its administration much better than
that o£ the rest of tfekran. I pointed out his Aalis were usually
men with no e> i erlence of administration, no sympathy with the people
and no knowledge of their language. Hereplled that this was a
/matter.••
About this item
- Content
This file concerns British policy regarding the Muscat territory of Gwadur [Gwadar, Pakistan; it is written as Gwadar in some of the correspondence]. The correspondence includes the following:
- Discussion in 1913-1914 as to whether the Government of India should consider the cession (the correspondence uses the term 'rendition' in the old sense of the word) of Gwadur by Muscat (spelled here as Maskat) to Kalat, including details of trade and customs in Gwadur, and the territory's annual value to Muscat (ff 3-21)
- Further discussion in 1920-1921 regarding the case for the lease or cession of Gwadur to Kalat (ff 22-29)
- Notes on the status of Gwadur and the history of Kalat's claim to it, included with correspondence dated 1926-1927 (ff 30-41)
- Copies of Government of Bombay From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions. and Government of India correspondence from 1871-1872 regarding the status and sovereignty of Charbar [Chabar, Pakistan] and Gwadur (ff 42-58)
- Details of a proposal in 1939 from the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd] to lease or cede Gwadur to His Majesty's Government, in return for financial assistance (ff 59-73)
- Discussion in 1939 regarding the Kalat-Gwadur boundary (ff 74-86)
- Discussion in 1948 regarding possible interest in Gwadur from the Pakistan Government, following the recent accession of Kalat to Pakistan (ff 89-93).
The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul, Muscat; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Agent to the Governor General in Baluchistan; officials of the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department (later the External Affairs Department).
There is no material covering the following periods: 1915-1919, 1922-1925, 1928-1937, and 1941-1947.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (94 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. Circled serial numbers (red for received correspondence; blue/black for issued correspondence) refer to entries in the notes at the rear of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 96; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/6/272
- Title
- 'File 8/78 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: RENDITION OF GWADUR TO KALAT.'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:76v, 82r:95v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence