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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎40v] (85/1062)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (527 folios). It was created in 6 Jan 1929-15 Jan 1938. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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f
• r 'W
r ' ™ if f
* * llpainff +.]io unimportance of such States, hut
had fended off such enquiries, au<^ 6 of H . g Ma j esty > s Government. Mr.
he would be glad to position of His Majesty’s Government
Rendel reminded ^ Majesty the Arab rul there m some cases
in the Gulf. They had had , re o la ^ , f having been compelled to take action in ,
for as long as a century and a h ^ ^ tr g ade; &0 . As a result, as had been '
regard to gun-running, PMey, rn ^ Je[lda> the forelgn affairs of Koweit,
made clear at the time , sheikhdoms were in the hands of His Majesty’s
Bahrein, Qatar and the Trucmt & over them in those affairs and there-
Government, who exercised so ^ t relations with any foreign State,
fore could not allow them to enter “tow demur _
Ibn Saud seemed to a “® p iest ion of the frontiers. Mr. Rendel repeated
16. This subject led to th q sbeikh Yusuf Yasin on the 19th March,
the argumente wfoch he used had made great concessions in this
saying that His Majesty b ^ hoi dins firmly to his original demand. In
respect, whereas His Majes y fr o ntiCTt here remained nothing between the
the northern part of the ea^ -^i i odeid, with perhaps an adjustment
parties but the Jaba Naksh and Khor-el Ucleia i F me ^ ti the
In the Sufuk (S^q /^Ht Ma etty make some 7 concession here! It
King’s wishes. Cou ^ Ommessfon on th^Foreign Office if he could. Ibn
would make an excell p , w hole of the coast belonged to
K=^”dS ."« **«; /"-I
his ancestors ana n Koweit were re ally Saudi tribes. It was
"hat he had recognised the treaties between the coastal rulers and His
Maiestv’s Government in the Hadda Agreement, O but on the question of
the boundaries there was a limit beyond which he could not go. The boundary
of Qatar was well known to be Araik, winch was m the nufud.
17 The maps which were at hand were examined, but Araik was not
marked on them. 1 Sir Reader Bullard said that he had seen a map on which,
unless his memory was at fault, Araik was shown to the south of Jabal aksh.
In that case there would no longer be any disagreement on that point.
18. As to Khor-el-Odied, Ibn Saud said that, in claiming it for Saud
Arabia, he was thinking of the interests of His Majesty’s Government as much
as of his own, for no one but himself could keep order there. W hen crimes
were committed there it was to him that the people applieo ior redress.
19. The King seemed very anxious to pass on to another subject. It
appeared at first that he was wanting to evade the boundary question, hut
when the other subject came to be broached it was found to be a question of
capital importance. What, the King asked, would happen to him in the case
of war ? Suppose war began in Europe, or in the Yemen or anywhere t
Could not His Majesty’s Government make some treaty or some other lesser
undertaking with him ? It could be secret if they wished.
20. Mr. Rendel said that any such undertaking, and more especially
any kind of secret guarantee, was precluded by the British constitutional
system, which would in any case make its eventual fulfilment uncertain. Sir
R. Bullard added that His Majesty’s Government were obliged, as members
of the League of Nations, to register all treaties with the League. Mr. Rendel
then went on to say, as he had said the previous day, that he could hardly
imagine any occasion on which a threat to Saudi Arabia would not be a
threat to His Majesty’s Government, and added that this community of
interests was a stronger bond than many a treaty. We had given too many
promises in the past, under pressure of war in particular, and could not give
one in this case. Sir Reader Bullard reminded the King once more of the
terms of the Rome Agreement of 1927. His Majesty’s Government had
recorded in writing that they regarded it as a “ vital imperial interest that
no European Power should establish itself on the Arabian shore of the Bed
ea . ie King seemed to derive comfort from this conversation.
Fourth Interview, March 22 .
21. The King said that in this the last conversation before Mr. Rendel s
departure he wished to speak about Palestine. The Arabs we re now really
( T ) This reference should be to Article 6 of the Treaty of Jedda.

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Content

This volume compiles printed copies of letters, telegrams, memoranda and newspaper extracts relating to Britain's involvement across the Arabian Peninsula during the period 1929-1938. Whilst the correspondence encompasses all matters concerning British interests in the region, much of it relates to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:

  • Reports of unrest in the Hejaz.
  • Relations between Imam Yeha Hamid-Ud-Din [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn, Imam of Yemen] and Ibn Saud.
  • Reports of raids and arms trafficking on the Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan -Nejd frontier.
  • Reports of the proceedings of British naval ships in the Red Sea.
  • Details of the Akhwan [Ikhwan] revolt against Ibn Saud, including the movements of one of the revolt's leaders, Faisal Dawish [Fayṣal bin Sulṭān al-Dawīsh], and his surrender to the British in Kuwait.
  • Relations between Kuwait and Nejd.
  • Relations between Iraq and Nejd, including a proposed meeting between Ibn Saud and King Faisal [Fayṣal] of Iraq, and reports of a treaty of alliance between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
  • Objections from the Hejaz Government to Royal Air Force aircraft flying over Nejd territory.
  • The purchase of arms by the Hejaz Government from Poland.
  • Ibn Saud's annexation of Asir.
  • The death of King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī].
  • Harry St John Bridger Philby's conversion to Islam, his mapping of Rub-al-Khali, and his reported spreading of Saudi propaganda in the Aden Protectorate.
  • The currency exchange crisis in the Hejaz-Nejd and the financial situation in the kingdom generally.
  • Reports on a survey of the water and mineral content of the Hejaz coastal area.
  • Relations between Soviet Russia and Saudi Arabia.
  • The emigration of Jews from Yemen to Palestine, via Aden.
  • British fears that Italy might harbour ambitions to annex Yemen.
  • Saudi oil concessions.
  • Italian-Saudi relations.

Prominent correspondents include the following: the British Agent (later His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires) at Jeddah; His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah; the High Commissioner for Egypt; the High Commissioner for Iraq; the High Commissioner for Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (later Chief Commissioner, and later still, Governor), Aden; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; His Majesty's Ambassador to Iraq; His Majesty's Ambassador to Italy; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Minister (and Acting Minister) for Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia); Ibn Saud; King Feisal of Iraq; the Prime Minister of Iraq; various officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry, and the Admiralty.

The French material in the volume consists of several items of correspondence and a copy of a treaty between France and Yemen, which was signed in April 1936.

The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (527 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The items of correspondence are divided (roughly) into various sections. Each extract or item of correspondence within these sections has its own number, which is enclosed in brackets. These numbers proceed in ascending (and approximate chronological) order from left to right; however, the sections themselves proceed in reverse, from the rear to the front of the volume, in distinct groups (e.g. for 1929 numbers 1-23, which are located at folios 517-526, are followed by numbers 24-49 at folios 509-516, which are then followed by numbers 50-89 at folios 494-508, and so on).

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 529; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: each section of correspondence within the volume (as described in the arrangement field) has its own pagination sequence.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎40v] (85/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2071, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100061765163.0x000056> [accessed 19 April 2024]

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