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'File 8/65 COMMERCIAL TREATY 1891. MUSCAT ORDER-IN-Council. 1915' [‎58r] (120/210)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (101 folios). It was created in 4 Sep 1890-16 Aug 1915. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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that you should ask him "to fix a day for the discussion of
the treaty", as you write. What I meant was, get each article
ready in parallel oolumns one by one so that His highness can
see at a glance (i) the text of the old treaty, and (ii) the
difference suggested by us, and can then add a third version
showing the article as he wants it, without altering the ori
ginal form more than necessary. After the exchange of a com
munication or two through your Munshi A term used in the Middle East, Persia and South Asia to refer to a secretary, assistant or amanuensis. Munshis were employed in the British administration in the Gulf. , who I suppose sees him
every day as of old, if there remains any further point to dis
cuss with him or talk him into, go over and see him; make sure
that he understands at all events obvious objections which put
his suggestion out of Court (suoh as the provisions of the
French or American treaties), and after reducing his views to
their final shape, record or get him to record them in a third
column and post the artiole to me with your own views. Then
take up the next article. There are good many articles which
he practically does not want to alter at all. In others he
wants innovations which one will want to know the effect and
object of before being in a position to report to Government.
If necessary I will come down when you have put up all
the articles if there seems anything in regard to which a talk
with him or you would be of use, but it is of no use my doing
so until matters have advanced further than they are now.
I do not altogether understand your apprehensions regard
ing the possible"denunciation" of the treaty by the Sultan.
The contingency does not seem to me to come within the view of
praotioal politics, in the first place, as I read the treaty,

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Content

This volume concerns the Commercial Treaty of 1891 between Britain and Muscat (spellings vary throughout), which was signed on 19 March 1891 and ratified on 20 February 1892. The volume features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul, Muscat; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Secretary of State for India; the Permanent Under-Secretary for India; the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; officials of the Foreign Office, the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , and the Government of India.

Related matters of discussion include the following: proposed amendments to the initial treaty, which was executed by Colonel Edward Charles Ross, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , without the British Government's full authority, on 18 April 1890; proposals from the Secretary of State for India (Richard Assheton Cross, Viscount Cross) for the treaty, once amended, to be limited to a term of twelve years, after which it should be terminable at twelve months' notice; the conclusion of the amended treaty and the signing of a supplementary declaration, in which the Sultan of Muscat [Sayyid Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd] pledges not to sell any portion of his territory to any party except the British Government; revisions and amendments to the original 1891 treaty, proposed in 1903 and 1911.

In addition to correspondence, the volume includes the following treaty-related items: the Arabic text of the 1890 version of the treaty (ff 4-11); copies of the aforementioned declaration, written in English and Arabic, and dated 20 March 1891 (f 33); an English translation of a draft treaty, prepared by the Sultan in May 1911 (ff 60-88).

Also discussed towards the end of the volume is the Muscat Order-in-Council (1915), a copy of which is included (ff 92-100).

There is no material covering the periods 1892-1900, 1904-1910 and 1912-1914.

Extent and format
1 volume (101 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 103; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 8/65 COMMERCIAL TREATY 1891. MUSCAT ORDER-IN-Council. 1915' [‎58r] (120/210), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/252, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100069909498.0x000079> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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