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'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [‎15r] (34/386)

The record is made up of 1 volume (189 folios). It was created in 1907. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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17
A little later in the same year, this pledge was shown to the Dutch Minister
in connection with an intended Dutch loan. In 1899, under Lord Salisbury’s
instructions, Sir Mortimer Durand again reminded the Sadr Azam of the views
of His Majesty’s Government on the point. Only a few days before the
conclusion of the contract for the Hussian loan of 1900, the Sadr Azam
enquired whether it was the case that the Legation was in possession of a
pledge given by the Mushir-ed-Dowleh on the point, and in reply was given a
copy of the communication of 1897. On the 30th January 1900, the terms of
the Russian loan contract were published. They showed that the Shah had
pledged as security for the debt the entire Customs of Persia, save only those
of “Pars and the Persian Gulf” or, as it stands in the Persian text, Pars and
the Gulf of Pars. It is clear that this phrase, though possibly of wider applica
tion than the more restricted modern geographical phrase “ Die Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ,”
does not necessarily cover the same ground as the expression “Southern Persia ”.
Two months later in connection with the assumption of Belgian control over the
Mohammerah Customs, the Minister, under instructions from Lord Salisbury,
again reminded the Mushir-ed-Dowleh of the assurance of 1897—an assurance,'
which, the Sadr Azam had informed the Minister, had been borne in mind in
reserving certain Customs from those pledged to Russia. In May 1902, the
point was again brought to the notice of the Persian Government in connection
with the second Russian loan ; and in August of the same year Lord Lansdowne
personally referred to it in conversation with the Grand Adzier in London. Still
however, it might be contended that the languageof the Russian loan contracts'
had overridden the assurance of 1897. In 1903, therefore, the Government of
India, in offering to finance a Persian loan, suggested that the opportunity
should be taken to remove any ground which might exist for such
a contention, and that money should be lent to the Shah only on the express
understanding that the security offered should be the Customs of “Southern
Persia”. The point was not, however, insisted on by His Majesty’s Govern
ment ; and the money was advanced on the security of the Customs of Pars
and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . In the following year an addition was made to the
loan of the 1903, and the Government of India again pressed the point.
His Majesty’s Government were again reluctant to treat the question in the
manner advocated ; and the security for the further loan as noted in the contract
was again the Customs of Pars and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . But the opportunity
was taken to emphasise the British view in a manner more impressive than
bad hitherto been adopted. The Tariff Convention of the preceding year
h;id provided for the later settlement of a code of Customs regulations. The
Reglement Douanier, as drafted by the Persian Government, classed under the
head of Customs “ Swrl ” only certain of the Customs of Southern Persia.
In signing the R&glement, Sir Arthur Hardinge made express reservation of
the fact that his signature in no way affected or diminished the assurance of
1897 regarding the Customs of Southern Persia. Mons. Naus took formal act
of the reservation, and on the following day the Minister forwarded a copy
of his declaration to the Mushir-ed-Dowlek, again recited the original
pledge, referred to the admission made by the Persian Government that in
using the expression “Pars and the Persian Gulf” their intention was to
exclude from the operation of the Russian loan contract all the Customs of
Southern Persia, and concluded in the following terms:—
“ In order, however, to avoid any possibility of misunderstanding, I am instructed to
inform the Persian Government that His Majesty's Government hold them to their engagement
of October 1897. This engagement is anterior to the Russian loan agreements, and cannot be
affected by any of their provisions.
“ I am at the same time to state that, as it was admittedly intended by the British and
Persian Governments that tho term ‘ Pars and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ' should include all the Customs
of Southern Persia, referred to in the engagement of 1897, His Majesty's Government cannot
admit a solitary exceptiou in the case of Mohammerah ami its dependencies, or of any of the
ports of Arabistan, and 1 am to add that His Majesty's Government will take the necessary
steps to ensure respect for their rights in the event of any attempt on the part of the Persian
Governmeut to ignore them.
“ This communication, being not from myself but from His Majesty's Government, and
in Lord Lonsdowne's own words, I am making it to Your Excellency both in English and in
Persian''.

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Content

Printed at the GC [Government Central] Press, Simla.

The volume is divided into three parts: Part I (folios 5-47) containing an introduction; Part II (folios 48-125) containing a detailed account; and Part III (folios 126-188) containing despatches and correspondence connected with Part I Chapter IV ('The Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ', folios 28-47).

Part I gives an overview of policy and events in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. region during Curzon's period as Viceroy [1899-1905], with sections on British policy in Persia; the maintenance and extension of British interests; Seistan [Sīstān]; and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . Part II contains more detailed accounts of selected topics, including sections on British policy in Persia, customs and finance, quarantine, administration, communications, and British and Russian activity in Seistan. The despatches and correspondence in Part III include correspondence from the Government of India in the Foreign Department, the Secretary of State for India, and the Viceroy; addresses and speeches by Curzon; and notes of interviews between Curzon and local rulers.

Mss Eur F111/531-534 consist of four identical printed and bound volumes. However, the four volumes each show a small number of different manuscript annotations and corrections.

This volume contains manuscript additions on folios 11, 40-41, 47, and 142-146.

Extent and format
1 volume (189 folios)
Arrangement

The volume contains a list of Parts I-III on folio 4; a table of contents of Part I on folio 6; a table of contents of Part II on folio 49; and a table of contents of Part III on folios 127-129, which gives a reference to the paragraph of Part I Chapter IV that the despatch or correspondence is intended to illustrate.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 191; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.

Written in
English in Latin script
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'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [‎15r] (34/386), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/532, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100070112822.0x000023> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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