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'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [‎71r] (146/386)

The record is made up of 1 volume (189 folios). It was created in 1907. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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teteaded till it practically embraced the control of Posts, Passports and Sanita.
tion Telegraphs, Public Works, Mints and Treasuries, each of which in Belgian
hands became in turn a means of annoyance and a source of obstruction.
9. It has already been* remarked that in 1899 when the Belgian officers
* Pnragripii 4 , page 41 . contemplated introducing their system of
Customs procedure to the southern ports,
introdiictiGn. of Belgian officials into the seneme was withdrawn as reerards
Mohammerah. Mohammerah in consequence of repre-
sentations pointing out the injury likely to be caused to British interests.
10. The respite was of short duration. Before describing the steps taken by
British interest in the Karun and at the Belgian officials, in this quarter, where
Mohammerah. lUrge political issues were involved, it
will be necessary to refer briefly to British interests as explanatory of the action
subsequently taken by the British and Indian Governments.
11. The connection of Great Britain with Mohammerah and the Karun
District is both commercial and political As far back as 18S4 Her Majesty’s
Government advised the Shah to remove the obstacles which existed to com-
merce with the southern provinces of Persia by opening the Karun river
to trade and navigation and by constructing good and safe roads from the
interior to the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; and the success of Sir H. D. M r ollf, in 1888 in
Persuading His Majesty, in spite of his fear of Russia, to open the Karun river
to the trade of the world, was regarded both in India and in England as a solid
achievement which should inaugurate a new era of commercial activity in the
Shalds dominions. But in November 1890, Persia signed the Russian agreement
blocking the construction of railways for 10 years, with the prospect of a
renewal of the period, at the option of Russia and Persia alone; and it was in the
Karun region that Lord Salisbury looked for compensation from the Shah
He secured from the Persian Government, along with preferential tramway
rights in the south, the promise that a tramway should be constructed from
‘one side of the Ahwaz dam to the other to facilitafe connection with the upper
portion of the river. A British Post Office was opened at Mohammerah in 1892
with a view to promote the growth of trade on the Karun river and British
interests in that quarter; and Mohammerah become a regular port of call fof
the British India Steam Navigation Company’s mail steamers.
, _ .12. The trade of the Karun, which was almost entirely in the hands of the
British Euphrates and Tigris Steam Navigation Company, although its
growth was not so fast as might have been expected, did show advance, and
from the total of £20,000 in 1897 it had risen to over £1,000,000 in 1900, in
which year the rumoured intention to introduce the Belgian customs caused
Lord Salisbury to intimate to the Persian Government that, in view of our interest
in the trade of Mohammerah and in the navigation of the Karun, the British
Government must insist that there should be no change in the administration
of the customs or attempt to interfere forcibly with the position of the Sheikh
without our coiisent. It was on this occasion that the Minister of Foreign
Affairs was reminded that the Persian Government would be held to the strfet
observance of the engagement of 23rd October 1897, that the customs of South
ern Persia should never be placed under foreign control. The reply of the
Mushir-ed-Dowleh was that “ not only in Mohammerah, but in every part of
Persia w here British interests were concerned, the Persian Government, before
taking any steps of importance, would consult the British Government , *.
13. On the 6th March 1900, Colonel Meade, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the
Proposed establishment of Persian Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , telegraphed to the Tehran
Customs at Mohammerah. Legation reporting that the Sheikh of
Mohammerah had heard that the Belgian Administrator of Customs was about
to takeover the Mohammerah Custom house. The Sheikh considered that, if he
consented to this step, he wuuld be in danger from the tribesmen. Colonel
Meade was of opinion that the Sheikh could, if he wished, offer an effective re
sistance to the Persian Government, and that the alternative to resistance must
be his departure to his Turkish estates. In either case trouble w'ould result
which would be detrimental to British interests. Colonel Meade also drew

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Content

Printed at the GC [Government Central] Press, Simla.

The volume is divided into three parts: Part I (folios 5-47) containing an introduction; Part II (folios 48-125) containing a detailed account; and Part III (folios 126-188) containing despatches and correspondence connected with Part I Chapter IV ('The Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ', folios 28-47).

Part I gives an overview of policy and events in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. region during Curzon's period as Viceroy [1899-1905], with sections on British policy in Persia; the maintenance and extension of British interests; Seistan [Sīstān]; and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . Part II contains more detailed accounts of selected topics, including sections on British policy in Persia, customs and finance, quarantine, administration, communications, and British and Russian activity in Seistan. The despatches and correspondence in Part III include correspondence from the Government of India in the Foreign Department, the Secretary of State for India, and the Viceroy; addresses and speeches by Curzon; and notes of interviews between Curzon and local rulers.

Mss Eur F111/531-534 consist of four identical printed and bound volumes. However, the four volumes each show a small number of different manuscript annotations and corrections.

This volume contains manuscript additions on folios 8, 11-12, 14, 42 (a sixteen word note concerning the use by the Shaikh of Koweit [Kuwait] of a distinctive colour [flag] for Kuwait shipping), and 62-66.

Extent and format
1 volume (189 folios)
Arrangement

The volume contains a list of Parts I-III on folio 4; a table of contents of Part I on folio 6; a table of contents of Part II on folio 49; and a table of contents of Part III on folios 127-129, which gives a reference to the paragraph of Part I Chapter IV that the despatch or correspondence is intended to illustrate.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 191; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.

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English in Latin script
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'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [‎71r] (146/386), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/534, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100070118029.0x000093> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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