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'File 8/67 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: MUSCAT – OMAN TREATY.' [‎12r] (28/316)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (154 folios). It was created in 14 Oct 1920-27 Jul 1934. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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7
through tho mediation of the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. between
the laum 1 a pc.rty tho Sultan
It wu.b at onco clear that these two matters were
closely bound together. In the firet place the strengthening
of the Sultan’s administration would /^inevitably result in a
decrease in the comparative power of the Omanis • In the second
place an agreement and the establishment of peace would enable
l*A*'* m
V r the reform of the administration to be proceeded with more
rapidity.
The reform of the administration was therefore
tackled with vigour, and Sheikh Said bin haiiir al Kindi a | w
prominent mullah of tho Ibadhi sect resident in the territories
of the Sultan, and greatly respected in unan, was sent by me
to Ki2wa v the seat of the lama. f to endeavour to obtain
uxktntxMttm ratification of t o terms discussed at Sib.
would be strongly against the return of the gardens, which
■ « 0 »'
were mostly in their hands and from which the mullahs derived
a lucrative income. The leader of the opposition party was
Hasir bin Kashid al Xharusi, the brother of the Imam and hie
9ali in Rustaq*
The mission was more than once on the point 01
success, but finally fter 4 months of negotiations and
intrigue the Imam in February definitely refused ;o oheikh ^ai
and Sheikh tsa to ratify the terns.
The possibility of this unfavourable resulthnd
be^n foreseen for some time, and a definite plan of action
prepared to meet the emergency. The Omanis had been given a
V fair field and plenty of favour. They had be^n with
honeyed words. They had refused peace owing to ignorance
and religious prejudice it is true, possibly yo t il ^ c
the lukewarmness of the chief protagonist in th c'
Sheikh Isa, but actually because the Ckoanio thought that

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Content

This volume concerns relations between the Sultan of Muscat and Oman and the tribes of interior Oman. The volume contains multiple copies of notes produced in October 1920 by the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul at Muscat, providing a British perspective on the history of political affairs in Muscat and Oman from the late 18th century to the present day (ff 6-22, ff 49-53 and ff 56-60). The notes attempt to summarise the underlying causes of the tense relations between the Sultan and the Omani tribes, before going on to document events during the period October 1919-October 1920, which culminated with the re-establishment of peaceful relations, following the conclusion of an agreement between the two parties (the Treaty of Sib, concluded on 25 September 1920). Related items include multiple copies of the English text of the 1920 agreement (ff 23-26, ff 53-55, and ff 60-62), and a Photostat copy of the Arabic text of the concluding part of the Treaty (f 154).

The volume also documents the Sultan's relations with the Omani tribes in the years following the treaty. There is a series of letters written in 1924 between the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Shaikh Isa bin Saleh [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin Ṣāliḥ al-Ḥārthī], who makes a request to import ammunition and protests against taxes that he claims contravene the Treaty of Sib. The correspondence dated 1932-1934 largely concerns the murder of a Muscat Government clerk at Sib, and the Sultan's frustration with the evasive response of Shaikh Isa bin Saleh on the matter. Also discussed in this part of the volume is the question of whether the Treaty of Sib will be renewed.

In addition to the treaty text mentioned above, the Arabic language material mainly consists of correspondence between the British and Muscat authorities and various shaikhs and subjects of interior Oman (English translations are included).The volume includes copies of correspondence originally written in 1919. There is no material covering the periods 1922-1923, 1925-1931, and no material dated after 1934, with the exception of a note at the rear of the volume, which is dated 16 October 1961.

Extent and format
1 volume (154 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 156; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 8/67 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: MUSCAT – OMAN TREATY.' [‎12r] (28/316), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/264, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100070535087.0x00001d> [accessed 19 April 2024]

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