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Coll 17/15(1) 'Perso-Iraq Relations: Persia-Iraq frontier; Persia's claim in the Shatt-el-Arab' [‎172v] (355/961)

The record is made up of 1 volume (476 folios). It was created in 1 May 1933-15 Mar 1935. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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14
27. The Persian note stated that the Persian Ambassador at Poncio *•
mof orl Kir f ijl^irTT'o m f o i rvn 1 1 i . ^^tlHOpb
had been instructed by telegram to sign the Protocol embodying ftA't 1 ” 0 !*
and to introduce Etela-al-Mulk as Persian Commissioner h„t tif™
I do not think it superfluous here to bring to your Excellency’s
the views of my Government regarding the protection of the sovem'L 7?
and rights of navigation of the Persian Government ,,,, *v.., c, ,." , 1 S* lts
and rights of navigation of the Persian Government on the ShS'A
undoubted rights/ ’ c0nvict ’ on of this Government as to the security oftfi
28. But the Protocol was signed on the 17th November (the date nf tL
I ersian note) without any reservation by the Persian representative and it snh!
quently transpired that his instructions had failed to reach him in an watt
fornr The Persian Minister for Foreign Affairs consequently comnlaineJ !
His Majesty s Minister at Tehran on the 26th Decembe^ 1913 (as reported v
the latter by telegram), that— ^ P 0rted ^
i ; • t ^ le Cabinet only agreed to accept the frontier settlement
reached at Constantinople on condition that Persia’s sovereignty and
navigation rights on the Shatt-el-Arab should be reserved. That this wat
not done by the Persian Ambassador at Constantinople was due to the bad
wording of the telegraphic instructions sent to him; now recognition of river
rights only is asked for, which, as his Excellency pointed out, becomes a mere
formality, when Persia is prepared formally to accept the Turkish River
Commission with all the control it entails and to pay dues to be levied on
Pei smn shipping. He urged that this concession to the amour-vrome of a
btate having frontier on the river bank was not an exaggerated demand.”
5 ?l ver CQmmission is that referred to in paragraph 23 above. His
Majesty s Minister was instructed to point out in reply that-
. the Treaty of hrzeroum, which secures freedom of navigation
o eisl &, remains m force. If, however, Persia is willing to accept
iveram ommission, as represented to you by Minister for Foreign Affairs,
° H° n t ?. r ? sei ^ va ^ on h er freedom of navigation being made in
Twr CUme i! ^ W ^ 11 i C ^ s ^ e f° rmall y agrees to commission levying dues, &c.
in ? n ’ °. weve . r ’ .^ e no question as to reservation of Persia’s sovereignty
M since * s non -existent, as is clear from the wording of articled
SrH a rvr/i ea " 1 [ zero a ni (see Foreign Office memorandum of the
Commissioned hue of 1850.” 0m a ° Ceptance ^ Persia of medlatin S
nei?hhonr r,f °p Pe Great War, Iraq took the place of Turkey as the
of MesoDotamfr wt “ rn 6 southem P art of the. frontier but, while the future
President of ttip ^ S s uncertam, the Persian Minister addressed to the
Section P Bittner ? n . ^ January, 1920, a memorandum (see
frontier H P wmu-n ^rsia s claims to frontier rectification on her western
frontier' south of Mendel? (b^ ‘ t he r mem0 H andul “u mentioned ?° P ° int ° f rtT
Shatt-el-Arab) * eil J n ot u er words, nothing anywhere near the
and
became 1 a 1 dfr 6 po t f 1 or^f rSlan ( ' ove ^ nment deposed the Sheikh of Mohammerah
n that time at am a ^ on J? t m fde dispute, locally as well as internationally,
n mat time at any rate thev cousistAnti^ m iww
ts? jisz sh * “ H ”
patrolled the Hver a^H Persian customs officials and police have in fad
as the result of an unoffi^Pl 0186 ^ ^ certa in amount of jurisdiction upon it, partly
Iraqi 6 authorities^effa^JiriD- arr f an g ement ^ome to between the local Persian and
Iraqi ^ Government, while
Iraqi Government, “while since 0 T932 U 7he lanCe ’] Par f y A 'S’ 611 defianCe ' have
consistently disregarded the navkh- , vesseI s of the Persian navy have
when it has suited them to do so” 11 ” 011 m 68 ° f the Port ° f Basra admimstratl0n
permissio:
o?er Irai
ithe river
iasekes fro
I Am
Hie whole
which
See Section 7 (B).

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Content

The volume contains papers regarding relations between Persia [Iran] and Iraq. It primarily concerns the frontier delineated by the 1913-1914 Boundary Commission, in particular Persian claims over areas of the Shatt el-Arab, and rights to oilfields in the Naft Khana [Naft Khāna] or Khaniqin [Khāniqīn]area. The papers document renewed negotiations over the border, and include discussion of the following topics: Iraqi concerns over Persian military activities conducted in Iraq; Persia's refusal to recognise the validity of the 1914 Frontier Delimitation Protocol; attempts to redraw the frontier at the Shatt el-Arab along the thalweg [valley way], as opposed to the medium filum aquae ; proposals to revive the Shatt el-Arab Conservancy Board Scheme; and proposals for an agreement to regulate the exploitation of the oilfields in the transferred territories on the frontier near Khanqin, including the proposed creation of a special zone. These papers primarily consist of correspondence between the following: HM Ambassadors at Baghdad, Teheran and Italy; the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political Department; the Foreign Office (principally Sir John Simon, and J C Sterndale-Bennet); the Iraqi Minister for Foreign Affairs; and the Persian Minister for Foreign Affairs.

In 1935 the Iraqi Government formally raised the question of the frontier with the Council of the League of Nations, and sought a Court ruling as to the validity of the 1914 Boundary Protocol. The Italian delegate to the League (Baron Pompeo Aloisi) was designated Rapporteur to the negotiations, and the volume contains correspondence between the Foreign Office and HM Ambassador in Rome, regarding a proposed Italo-Iraqi Treaty of Friendship, proposals regarding the frontier made by Aloisi, and general Italian influence over Iran and Iraq. The volume also includes copies of memoranda and minutes circulated by the League, in addition to correspondence regarding the negotiations in Geneva and Italy, and documents from the Committee of Imperial Defence Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East.

The volume includes a divider giving a list of correspondence references found in the volume by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 1).

Extent and format
1 volume (476 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in rough chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 472; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The front and back covers, along with the two leading and two ending flyleaves, have not been foliated.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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Coll 17/15(1) 'Perso-Iraq Relations: Persia-Iraq frontier; Persia's claim in the Shatt-el-Arab' [‎172v] (355/961), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2869, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100074341458.0x00009c> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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