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Coll 30/117 'Persian Gulf. Bahrain Grievances of the Baharinah.' [91r] (181/203)
The record is made up of 1 file (100 folios). It was created in 30 May 1935-11 Aug 1939. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
/
Translation of a letter dated the 23rd Ramadhan 1353 (30th
December 1934) from eight Bahama leaders to His Excellency
Shaikh Sir Hamad bin *Isa Al Khalifah,K«C.I.E.,C.S.I., Ruler
of Bahrain.
After Compliments,
We, your loyal Baharnah subjects, beg to make the following
three demands for reform which are necessary for the existing
state of affairs
First:
Second:
Third:
Court cases should be dealt with properly in
accordance with law, namely, in every judgment passed
in a case the section of proper law applied should
be quoted so that the Judge passing such judgment
will not be accused of injustice and that the person
against whom a judgment is passed will be satisfied
that justice has been administered in his case and
that the Judge has been impartial. By means of
these, the rights of the individuals will be
protected.
as we form the majority of the inhabitants, it is but
just that we should be represented on both Majlises -
Baladiyah and ’Urfi - with a proportionate number.
We request you to do us justice by restoring our
rights on the Board of Education of which we have
been deprived for many jpears and have been considered
like foreigners although the foreigners have not been
deprived, the fact which is contrary to justice and
equity.
Your Excellency will see that these are fair and reasonable
demands and there is nothing improper in them. We, therefore,
request you to give the matter your just and kind consideration
and give orders for justice, for which you are known. Neverthe
less, to put these demands into practice it will show your good
policy and the ^eal you take for administering justice and
extending reforms which is the quality of the Kings.
We assure Your Excellency that the reason for making these
demands is the belief among your subjects of your desire for
justice, equity ard reforms. However, they are all your loyal
subjects.
■ ■ » ■ ■■■ m
About this item
- Content
The papers in this file relate to the grievances of the Baharnah (the native population of Bahrain). The papers include: The petition of the Baharnah to the Ruler of Bahrain Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa requesting the adoption of a Qanun (code of laws) in the courts, proportional representation in the Majalis al Tujjarah and Baladiyyah at Manama and Muharraq, and restoration of their rights on the Board of Education, 30 December 1934-21 April 1936; the reservations of the Secretary of State for India the 2nd Marquess of Zetland about providing constitutional advice to the Gulf principalities, 20-27 September 1935; the instructions from the Government of India on reforming the courts of Bahrain, proportional representation, education, and pasturage of the Ruler’s camels, 6 November 1935-22 February 1936; the growth of popular movements in Kuwait, Debai [Dubai], and Bahrain, 18 July-16 November 1938; the agitation against the Shi’a Shar’ Court, Bahraini courts, and the educational system in Bahrain, a strike on the premises of the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO), and a demonstration in the bazaar at Manama, 31 October-24 November 1938; a request by Shaikh Hamad for the recruitment of two Egyptian or Sudanese magistrates to compile a civil and criminal ‘Bahrain Code’ from all previously issued a’lans and to provide practical advice to current magistrates inside and outside the courts of Bahrain, 24 November 1938-5 August 1939; the report of the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Lieutenant Colonel T C W Fowle to the Secretary to the Government of India in the External Affairs Department Sir Herbert Aubrey Francis Metcalfe on future policy towards popular agitation in Bahrain, 14 April-23 May 1939; and the Ruler of Dubai Shaikh Sa’id bin Maktoum Al Maktoum’s forcible dissolution of the Majlis in Dubai, 5-15 June 1939.
The correspondence in this file is primarily between the British Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain; Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. at Bushire [Bushehr]; Deputy Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign and Political Department; Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; Secretary of State for India; India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ; Secretary of the Government of India in the External Affairs Department; Foreign Office; HM Ambassador to Egypt; and the Ruler of Bahrain.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (100 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 101; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 76-101; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/3846
- Title
- Coll 30/117 'Persian Gulf. Bahrain Grievances of the Baharinah.'
- Pages
- 91r:91v
- Author
- Unknown
- Usage terms
- The copyright status is unknown. Please contact copyright@bl.uk with any information you have regarding this item.