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File 57/1928 Pt 16 'Iraq-Nejd Frontier: Bon Voisinage agreement between Iraq & Nejd' [‎629r] (1268/1862)

The record is made up of 1 volume (926 folios). It was created in 28 Jan 1930-1 Jan 1931. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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}
EASTERN (Arabia).
February 4, 1930.
CONFIDENTIAL.
Section 1.
[E 632/1/91
J No. 1.
Mr. Bond to Mr. A. Render son.—{Received February 4.)
Jedda, January 20, 1930.
(No. 24.)
Sir,
I HAVE the honour to report that I yesterday received a private visit from
the Governor, obviously inspired, in which he stated that the acceptance of the
surrender of the rebel leaders has produced a very bad effect on Arab opinion
generally, and repeated the same arguments that have already been advanced by
the Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs, to the effect that they should be handed
over. He said that the present situation was being exploited by our enemies,
indicating Sheikh Fuad Hamza and the Syrian party, to our detriment, and he gave
me to understand privately and confidentially that there was a possibility of a hostile
demonstration before the British Legation.
2. I told him that the question of the disposal of the rebels was now being
dealt with direct between the King and the local British authorities, and that I had
every hope that the whole position would be cleared up to the satisfaction of all
concerned. The Governor was obviously worried, and was anxious for some infor
mation which would serve to allay fears and counteract anti-British propaganda.
I thought it as well, therefore, to state to him that the position, as I myself saw it,
was that His Majesty’s Government had been asked to co-operate in suppressing
the rebellion, that British forces had been sent to the frontiers of Iraq and Koweit
for this purpose, that the rebels had been caught between two fires, and that they
had thus been forced to surrender. There was, I said, no other course but to accept
such a surrender, particularly as the rebels were accompanied by women and children,
and it was simply a question of arranging for their disposal, a question which, in
the nature of things, must necessarily involve negotiation, and which must have
regard both to Arab custom and to British tradition. I added that it had not been
a case of giving refuge to rebels, as had been misrepresented here, but simply that
these rebels had been received as enemies, disarmed and rendered innocuous pending
their ultimate disposal.
3. I then went on to discuss the harm that would be done by any ill-considered
action, such as a demonstration here, while the negotiations were in progress with
the King, and the bad effect that such an event must inevitably have on our relations
and on British public opinion.
4. I think that my words had some effect, as the Governor left in a more
cheerful frame of mind, and he will, I am sure, take all possible steps to forestall
anything in the nature of a demonstration. I am, however, myself also taking steps
privately to counteract hostile propaganda.
5. I should add that the Governor is personally opposed to Sheikh Fuad Hamza
and his policy, and there is no love lost between them. His influence is, however,
greatly inferior to that of the Syrian party, which has been gaining strength while
the King has been away.
6. I am sending copies of this despatch to His Majesty’s High Commissioners
for Iraq and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan , the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign
and Political Department, the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and the
Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Koweit.
I have. &c.
W. L. BOND.

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Content

The volume concerns negotiations over the signing of a friendship and bon voisinage An agreement or treaty based on principles of 'good neighbourliness', often signed between countries which share borders. [border co-operation] agreement between the Kingdom of Iraq, and the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (usually referred to separately as Hejaz or Nejd), following the suppression by the Hejaz Government of the Akhwan [Ikhwan] 'revolt'.

In addition to India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. correspondence and memoranda, the volume includes correspondence from: the High Commissioner for Iraq; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Vincent Biscoe); the Colonial Office; the Foreign Office; HM Minister, Jeddah (Sir Andrew Ryan); officials of the governments of Iraq, and Hejaz and Nejd; Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, King of Hejaz and Nejd]; and King Faisal [Fayṣal I] of Iraq.

The papers cover: the presence of rebel Akhwan refugees in Iraq and Koweit [Kuwait]; correspondence concerning the request of the Hejaz and Nejd Government for the extradition from Iraq of the Ikhwan leader Farhan Ibn Mashhur [Farḥān bin Mashhūr al-Sha‘lān], who was regarded by the Hejaz and Nejd Government as a rebel and criminal; the surrender to the Hejaz and Nejd Government of Faisal al Dawish [Fayṣal bin Sulṭān al-Dawīsh], January 1930; negotiations over the payment by Ibn Saud of £10,000 as compensation for raids by rebel tribes into Iraq and Kuwait, in the proportion £7,000 to Iraq and £3,000 to Kuwait; papers concerning the conference between Ibn Saud and King Faisal on board HMS Lupin , February 1930; negotiations over the signing of a friendship and bon voisinage An agreement or treaty based on principles of 'good neighbourliness', often signed between countries which share borders. agreement between the two states, and a protocol on arbitration; drafts of the agreements (folios 448-455 and 689-693); reports by Captain John Bagot Glubb, Administrative Inspector, Government of Iraq, including praise for his work from Ibn Saud (folio 506); reports by the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson) concerning the settlement of frontier issues between Kuwait and Nejd; the Hejaz and Nejd Government's insistence that an extradition treaty should be negotiated before the signing of a treaty of friendship and bon voisinage An agreement or treaty based on principles of 'good neighbourliness', often signed between countries which share borders. ; difficulties over the definition of 'political offenders' under the terms of an extradition treaty; the claim by Iraq of £30,000 from Ibn Saud in settlement of raids from Nejd into Iraq; arrangements for the extradition of Ibn Mashhur to Hejaz and Nejd; complaints by the Iraq Government over the activities of agents of Ibn Saud on the Iraq frontier; claims by the Hejaz and Nejd Government totalling £20,500 for damages for losses sustained by Nejdi tribesmen, including £4,000 for casualties incurred during operations by the Royal Air Force (RAF); comments by British officials on the draft bon voisinage An agreement or treaty based on principles of 'good neighbourliness', often signed between countries which share borders. agreement; and attempts by Ibn Mashhur to avoid returning to Hejaz by remaining in Syria, December 1930.

The French language content of the papers consists of two items (two folios in total) of diplomatic correspondence.

The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (926 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume. The subject 57 (Iraq-Nejd Relations) consists of sixteen volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/1234-1249. The volumes are divided into nineteen parts, with each part comprising one volume, apart from parts 4-5, 7-8, and 17-18, which each comprise a single volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 922; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 631-922; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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File 57/1928 Pt 16 'Iraq-Nejd Frontier: Bon Voisinage agreement between Iraq & Nejd' [‎629r] (1268/1862), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1247, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100081990304.0x000045> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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