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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [‎84r] (172/898)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (445 folios). It was created in 13 Mar 1924-18 Mar 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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II
, THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF HIS
CONFIDENTIAL.
E ASTERN (Arabia).
i „ ''me/94/9i]
No. 1.
Mr. Bond to Mr. A. Henderson.—(Received November 18.)
(No. 275.)
Sir,
Jeddah, October 24, 1929.
I HAVE the honour to transmit herewith my report on the situation in the
Hejaz for the period the 1st to 30th September, 1929.
2. Copies of this report have been sent to Egypt, Bagdad, Jerusalem (two),
Jerusalem for transmission to the Royal Air Force Officer Commanding in Palestine
and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan , Beirut, Damascus, Aden, Delhi , Singapore, Khartum through
Port Sudan, Lagos (two), the senior naval officer, Red Sea Sloops.
I have, &c.
W. L. BOND.
Enclosure in No. 1.
Jeddah Report for the Period September 1 to 30, 1929.
IN fulfilment of the undertaking which he had given to His Majesty s Political
Agent at Koweit at his interview on the 30th August, Feisal-ed-Doweish and his
following, who had penetrated into Koweit territory, began to evacuate it on the
31st August at dawn, the evacuation being practically completed by the
5th September. The entry into Koweit territory was more or less forced upon him
by circumstances, and his various embassies to Kow'eit gave grounds for thinking
that he was at the time in some straits owing to lack of supplies and the difficulty
of finding grazing grounds for his animals. The fact that he has been compelled to
withdraw does not, however, necessarily imply that his situation is becoming
precarious. He may soon expect better climatic conditions, an all-important factor,
and he is as yet by no means circumscribed in his movements.
2. Towards the middle of the month His Majesty’s Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Koweit
reported that, according to Ibn Sand's agent at Kowuit, Ibn Musaad, the Emir of
Hail, had completely defeated at Umm-ar-Rudhummah a raiding party of 500 rebels
under Azaiyiz, the" son of Feisal-ed-Doweish, intercepted on his return from a
successful surprise attack on Lauqah, 180 miles north of Hail. Azaiyiz was reported
to have escaped with eighty men, and Faisal-al-Shiblan, Feisal-ed-Doweish’s chief
lieutenant and adviser in the Mutair, with a hundred. On the 21st September His
Majesty’s agent at Koweit reported that Faisal-al-Shiblan and Ibn Ashwan’s son
had, in fact, returned to Wafra on the 17th September with a large number of
Shammar camels captured in a successful raid near Hail and Shujiba. No definite
news had, however, been received of Azaiyiz, although there is strong evidence to
believe that he has been killed.
3. Feisal-ed-Doweish was next reported to have moved to Arak, a short
distance south of the neutral area below Koweit, on the 18th September and to have
announced his intention of marching with the Ajman on Naariyeh, 130 miles south
of Koweit. After dealing with the Awazim at Nta, he proposed with the Mutair to
carry the war into Nejd proper, leaving the Ajman in control of Hasa.
4. In Southern Nejd and in the Hejaz there has been serious trouble with
sections of the Ataibah, who, under the leadership of A1 Dahaina, have perpetrated
various acts of aggression, and succeeded at one time in interrupting communica
tions between Mecca and Riyadh. Several lorries and cars were attacked and their
contents, including arms and gold, were taken. A punitive expedition was sent
against them from Taif under Khalid-bin-Lowai, but it would seem that the strength
of the Ataibah movement was underestimated and that the expedition received a
set-back and was obliged to withdraw to Khurma, while bodies of the Ataibah
penetrated as far as Turaba and raided villages in that neighbourhood. Reinforce
ments under Mohammed-bin-Sahmi were hurried to the support of Khalid-bin-Lowai,
but up to the end of the month no news of a decisive action had been received.
[951 s—2]

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Content

The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.

The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.

The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).

The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).

In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.

The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (445 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 1707 (Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)) consists of one volume only.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.

Written in
English in Latin script
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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [‎84r] (172/898), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1115, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100084998359.0x0000ad> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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