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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [108r] (220/898)
The record is made up of 1 volume (445 folios). It was created in 13 Mar 1924-18 Mar 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
[m^Docnment is the Prope i-ty of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]
*>
EAST! -
May 27, 1929.
CONFIDENTIAL.
Section 1.
\ 2886/94/91]
No. E
Mr. Jakin^s to Sir Austen Chamberlain.—(Received Mo,y 27.)
I have, &c.
H. G. JAKINS.
Enclosure 1 in No. 1 .
Jeddah Report for Period April 1 to 30, 1929.
THE first reports on Ibn Sand’s march to Qasim at the head of a punitive
^^on have now been received. An official communique states that on the
oOth March (a month after the King informed His Majesty’s Government of the
ecision he had taken) Ibn Humaid-bin-Bujad and Faisal-ed-Doweish were
surrounded at Sabla (near Artawiyah) and defeated after an hour’s battle. Faisal
is given as having been seriously wounded and Ibn Bujad as in flight. Both are said
to have offered surrender, but to have been instructed to submit themselves to the
Shana. The Cm-el-Qura ” embellishes the story, and adds the usual references to
the tears shed by His Majesty and his troops. According to the “ ETn-el-Qura,”
Ibn Bujad proceeded after the battle to Riyadh to surrender himself there, while
Faisal, whose wounds were too severe for him to appear in person, was promised
pardon on the condition that he held no communication with his tribe, the Mutair.
2 . Mecca, which, hearing no news of the King’s return to the Flejaz, had been
inclined to scoff at the reported defeat of the insurgents, suddenly, at the end of the
month, produced a most interesting version of its own. The holy city’s account is
that Ibn Saud announced a general attack on Iraq. In this way he gathered together
a force not less than 20,000 in all, including the tribesmen of Ibn Bujad and Faisal-
ed-Doweish. Preserving the utmost secrecy as to his ultimate intentions, he so
arranged the camp as to have the Bedouins of Ibn Bujad and Faisal-ed-Doweish
completely surrounded by his own adherents—town dwellers, for the most part, who
had suffered at the hands of the two notorious chieftains. He sent certain unreliable
members of the ulema to Mecca and placed Khalid-bin-Luay (who was responsible
for the Taif massacre of September 1924) to hold Taif and the surrounding country
in case of necessity. Then, two days before the date of the supposed advance on
Iraq, Ibn Saud suddenly demanded the surrender of the rebel pair. The battle which
ensued arose from their resistance. Faisal is said to have escaped and to be still at
large, and Ibn Bujad to have been captured and to have had the hairs of his beard
pulled out one by one before being cast into prison in Riyadh. Some support of this
version has been found in the fact that the “ E^m-el-Qura ” never mentioned the
decision to advance against the raiders. This was conveyed by the King in a letter to
the
agency
An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent.
. The C£ Um-el-Qura ” referred throughout to a royal review of troops and
even the official communique of the battle commences with the words c< during the
military review at Qasim.” It is also, perhaps, not without interest to recall the
bellicosity of the “ Um-el-Qura’s ” references to Iraq during the last few months
and to return to paragraph 10 of the Jeddah report for the month of March, which
recorded Sheikh Fuad Hamza’s objection to the presence of a sloop in Jeddah
harbour on the grounds that it might be misinterpreted as a counter-demonstration
by His Majesty’s Government to rumoured military movements against Iraq.
3. In any case Nejd is apparently sufficiently quiet to permit the King to
return to the Hejaz even although the proposed visit of the Amir Saud (his viceroy
[791 dd—1]
About this item
- Content
The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.
The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.
The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).
The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).
In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (445 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
The subject 1707 (Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)) consists of one volume only.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [108r] (220/898), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1115, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100084998360.0x000015> [accessed 23 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/1115
- Title
- File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:88v, 90r:104v, 106r:108v, 110r:124v, 126r:128v, 129v:132v, 133v, 134v:137v, 139r:145r, 146r:161v, 162v:180v, 183r:205v, 206v:267r, 269r:271v, 273r:288v, 291r:308v, 309v, 310v, 311v, 312v, 313v, 314v, 315v, 316v, 317v:321r, 324r:335r, 337r:378v, 379v:381v, 383v:389v, 391r:393v, 395v:397v, 399r:400r, 402r:446v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence