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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [180r] (364/898)
The record is made up of 1 volume (445 folios). It was created in 13 Mar 1924-18 Mar 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
[ThU Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty’s Government.!
EASTERN (Arabia).
December 29, 1927.
CONFIDENTIAL.
Section 1.
[E 5586/644/91]
- Consul Jakins to
Sir Austen Chamberlain.—[Received December 29.)
(No. 134.)
Sir,
Jeddah, December 9, 1927.
I HAVE the honour to transmit herewith my report on the situation in the
Hejaz during the period the 1st to the 30th November, 1927.
2. Copies of this report are being sent to Egypt, Jerusalem (2), Jerusalem for
transmission to the Royal Air Force Officer Commanding in Palestine and Trans
jordan, Bagdad, Aden, Delhi, Beirut, Damascus, Khartum through Port Sudan,
Singapore, Lagos (2).
3. An extract of paragraphs 10 to 13 has been sent to His Majesty’s
Ambassador at Constantinople.
I have, &c.
H. G. JAKINS.
Enclosure in No. 1.
Jeddah Report for period November 1 to 30, 1927.
WITH the arrival of Ibn Saud at Riyadh, after a record-breaking journey
which the “ Umm-el-Qura,” in large headlines, holds up to the admiration of its
readers, the wild talk of unrest has subsided. Medina still gives cause for some
anxiety, and it is therefore noteworthy that the Kaimakam of Jeddah, who is rapidly
becoming the only remaining man in the Hejaz who will deal with the King bluntly,
has written to His Majesty strongly urging him not to allow Wahabi fanaticism to
impose religious restrictions which may adversely affect the pilgrimage traffic. As
the pilgrims are now arriving, it is probable that this timely warning will serve
to bring restraint to the city and save the green dome of the prophet for at least one
more season.
2. The new religious laws are slowly being lived down. In Jeddah, thanks
again to the kaimakam, they have been cancelled, while in Mecca the extreme
measures taken in some of the courts of refusing to accept witnesses wearing vicious
gold and silver trinkets has been a godsend to many a brazen rogue, for plausible
witnesses command a high price to-day.
3. If, however, Ibn Saud keeps peace within his borders, he has had one signal
failure beyond them. The Iraq police post at Busaiyah was razed to the ground
on the 5th November. At the moment of writing no details have filtered through
from Nejd, indeed, the Foreign Minister assures me that he has had no news from
Riyadh for three weeks. It seems, however, clear that the incident represents the
culminating expression of the suspicion to which the establishment of the post had
given rise. . .
The common view is that the erection of the post was unjustifiable, and however
sincere the protestations from the other side of the frontier, there is a unanimous
conviction on this side which no explanations or photographs can overcome.
Busaiyah was a fortification. . „
4. The immediate result of the incident is most unfortunate, in that the Koweit
Conference has been postponed pending satisfaction on the Busaiyah question, and
this double calamity entails the absence of Ibn-Saud s delegate at the very moment
when his influence as the strongest man in the King’s entourage may be most needed.
5. To the south Ibn Saud is himself responsible for wiser councils. On the
26th November Shereef Sharaf, one of the advisers to the Hejaz Government leit
for Jizan after some tiresome delays on the part of the Petroleum Company, who, it
appears, wish to have their 1928 protection fee paid before a decision is reached m
their quarrel with the Idrisi.
6. Other signs of Ibn Saud’s interest m Asir are not lacking. I learn that he
has recently sent a Syrian doctor to open a hospital at Sobiah, while a wireless station
is now working at Jizan.
[315 ff—1]
B
About this item
- Content
The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.
The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.
The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).
The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).
In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (445 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
The subject 1707 (Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)) consists of one volume only.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/1115
- Title
- File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:88v, 90r:104v, 106r:108v, 110r:124v, 126r:128v, 129v:132v, 133v, 134v:137v, 139r:145r, 146r:161v, 162v:180v, 183r:205v, 206v:267r, 269r:271v, 273r:288v, 291r:308v, 309v, 310v, 311v, 312v, 313v, 314v, 315v, 316v, 317v:321r, 324r:335r, 337r:378v, 379v:381v, 383v:389v, 391r:393v, 395v:397v, 399r:400r, 402r:446v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence