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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [198r] (400/898)
The record is made up of 1 volume (445 folios). It was created in 13 Mar 1924-18 Mar 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
i This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty’s Government ]
EASTERN (Arabia).
[August 22, 1927.j
CONFIDENTIAL.
Section 1.
[ E 3646/644/91]
No. 1.
Consul Stonehewer-Bird to Sir Austen Chamberlam,-(Received August 22.)
(No. 85.)
2 HrmiPS nf fine T’ar'inT-f ot>q ± A , t ,
I have, &c.
F. H. W. STONEHEWER-BIRD.
Enclosure in No. 1.
Jeddah Report for Period July 1 to July 31, 1927.
I HE month of July has been devoted to the repatriation of pilgrims. It is
hoped that by the 15th August only about some 1,500 Indians will be left for the
last steamer due about the 25th August. All Malays and other British subjects
and protected persons will have left by the middle of August. The task of
repatriating the vast number of pilgrims who visited Mecca this year has on the
whole been satisfactorily accomplished. The flow of pilgrims from Mecca to Jeddah
was well regulated, but accommodation at Jeddah, even so, proved insufficient.
There has been no shortage of water or food, though the price of both has increased
considerably. Permission was this year granted for pilgrims to embark at Yambo.
This, though it appeared at first sight a wise and salutary measure, aroused
considerable opposition. It had the strange effect of favouring Turkish shipping,
as pilgrims travelling direct through the Suez Canal are not obliged to obtain
Egyptian visas in Jeddah, whereas pilgrims travelling by Khedivial Line ships and
disembarking in Egypt must first obtain a visa from the Egyptian consul here. The
French consul also protested strongly that if Syrians embarked at Yambo he could
exercise no control, and went so far as to threaten that any pilgrim embarked at
Yambo would not be allowed to land in Syria. Eventually few pilgrims other than
Egyptians sailed from Yambo, though permission was, I understand, eventually
given by the Egyptian Government for Syrian, Persian, Iraqi and Palestinian
pilgrims to obtain Egyptian visas at Suez.
2. The Government of Nigeria has generously placed a further £500 to the
credit of the Nigerian Repatriation Fund.
3. Among pilgrims of note who have called at the
agency
An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent.
on their return was
| Abdul Kader Kusuri, the notorious leader of the Khilafat Committee. He came,
strangely enough, to express his gratitude for the assistance which had been rendered
to Indian pilgrims and to discuss possible measures for the improvement of their lot.
He even wished for the appointment by His Majesty’s Government of a vice-consul
at Mecca to work under the orders of the agent at Jeddah. As a set-off to this desire
for co-operation, he has announced his intention of bringing Indian weavers to the
Hejaz; he thereby hopes to cut out Manchester goods. As, however, the weavers
are to be chiefly occupied in making the small silk squares which form the local
head-dress, and as these are imported almost exclusively from Syria, Abdul Kader
Kusuri will not be forwarding Indian industries at the expense of British.
4. Rumours of events in Asir have been current, though until recently no
authoritative information was available. It now appears clearly that Italian agents
have been busily engaged trying to undermine Ibn Sand’s authority in that territory.
The three agents chiefly concerned were Jemal
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
, a Syrian officer who, after
[203 y—l]
About this item
- Content
The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.
The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.
The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).
The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).
In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (445 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
The subject 1707 (Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)) consists of one volume only.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/1115
- Title
- File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:88v, 90r:104v, 106r:108v, 110r:124v, 126r:128v, 129v:132v, 133v, 134v:137v, 139r:145r, 146r:161v, 162v:180v, 183r:205v, 206v:267r, 269r:271v, 273r:288v, 291r:308v, 309v, 310v, 311v, 312v, 313v, 314v, 315v, 316v, 317v:321r, 324r:335r, 337r:378v, 379v:381v, 383v:389v, 391r:393v, 395v:397v, 399r:400r, 402r:446v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence