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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [‎305v] (615/898)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (445 folios). It was created in 13 Mar 1924-18 Mar 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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2
r
9. The financial situation during the period under report has been deplorable,
and as far as I can ascertain not more than £ 1,000 has been received by the
Government from outside the Hedjaz during the last month.
10. The King during the first week in September raised a forced loan of £5,000
in the town, but this was rendered possible only by his assuring the population that
it was the last forced loan that would be raised. On the 14th instant things were
so bad that one of the King’s secretaries approached a tradesman in the town
on behalf of His Majesty for the temporary loan of £10 to meet the daily expenses
of the palace.
11 . Rumours as to the floating of a loan in London are gaming ground, being
spread by the Government with a view to keeping the soldiers and people quiet.
These rumours have been further augmented by a telegram supposed to have been
received from King Feisal from London to the effect that he had met representatives
of two large British firms and that they were prepared to loan certain monies and
asking for details of securities for same.
Many telegrams of this nature arrive, and there is little doubt but that many
of them are manufactured locally.
12. No results are yet visible from the efforts of the Hedjaz people in Egypt
to raise money on a mortgage on All’s property, which no doubt is already heavily
encumbered.
13. The Chief Kadi of Egypt, Sheikh Ali Maraghi, arrived in Jeddah
accompanied by an interpreter on the 15th instant. Great preparations were made
for his reception by the local people, and whilst here he was treated as a Royal guest.
Sheikh Ali, who visited this agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , stated that he had hoped for his visit to be
secret. This, however, was frustrated by Abdul Malik, the Hedjaz representative
in Cairo, who sent a telegram to the local Government some days before his departure
from Egypt. The local Government at once spread the rumour that the Egyptian
Government, at the instigation of the British Government, were going to force
Ibn Saud to end the war. The population of Jeddah were, however, forbidden to
speak to or visit the Grand Kadi whilst here in order to prevent any false [sic]
impressions that might be created thereby, and he was consequently, with the
exception of the Egyptian consul and myself, continually being primed with the
awful atrocities and savagery of Ibn Saud and his followers. Many Korans, recently
printed by the Egyptian press, were distributed locally and the chief kadi eventually
left for Mecca on the 20th instant. I learn from a reliable source that before the
chief kadi left Jeddah, King Ali begged him to make peace at any price and gave
him carte blanche as to conditions to be imposed.
14. The result of Hedjaz propaganda in India and Persia is having a marked
enect and seems to have been swallowed wholly by the more ignorant Mnslem
communities m both those countries. IMany telegrams from various guilds in Persia
and India have been addressed to Ibn feaud at Jeddah in the most scurrilous terms.
These only fall into the hands of the local people who are naturally highly elated!
One such signed by Jamat Ali, Shah of Bombay, president of something" not stated,
reads as follows :— °
“ Mass meeting consisting of nearly 100,000 Moslems held on Friday
August resolved to express its anger, hatred, vehemence and contempt
towards Ibn baud and his wild army and those Indian Moslem devotees of
Najdis who have hitherto, owing to their personal motives, stubbornness and
against public opinion, supported Najdis, and consider them responsible for
the present Moslem discontent and the violation of the sacred objects and
advises those fools to leave imprudent course and save religion,” &c.
Another from Bombay, signed by Sirdar Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Suleiman Cassim Mitha, president
also of something not stated, reads :— r
me ? tin g of Bombay Moslems held in Masjidejame on the
25th August. It was resolved to consider Ibn baud's treacherous attacks on
Medina and the bombardment of the Prophet’s and Syedna Hamza’s tombs,
and his wild followers, deserving of the whole Moslem hatred and curses for
irreligious acts,” &c.
Also the Guild of Grocers in Tehran wired to the local Government offering
troops, if ^necessary, to defeat the Wahabi “ dogs.” ^
Medina 1 t j irou j?h this agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , denied most emphatically having bombarded
Medina or having touched the Kuba over the Prophet’s tomb. In all his

About this item

Content

The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.

The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.

The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).

The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).

In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.

The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (445 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 1707 (Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)) consists of one volume only.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.

Written in
English in Latin script
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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [‎305v] (615/898), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1115, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100084998362.0x000010> [accessed 19 April 2024]

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