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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [386r] (776/898)
The record is made up of 1 volume (445 folios). It was created in 13 Mar 1924-18 Mar 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
[Thi» Document is the Property of Hi» Britannic Majesty’s GmtnmeiA }
EASTERN (Arabia)
CONFIDENTIAL.
[February 3, 1925. j
Section 1 .
[E 623/10/91] No . j
Consul Bullard to Mr. Austen Chamberlain.-(Received February 3.)
(No. 3. Secret.)
Sir
T TT A T7 X? j. i JBddoJl, JQjTIUCLTy 8 1925
31st Decembei’[l924^8th r january* e i925.^° rt ^ ^ SitUatl ° n the P eriod the
iru 2 / Co fi es de spatch and of its enclosure are being sent to India Egypt
Khartum (through Port Sudan), Jerusalem, Bagdad, Beirut (for Damascus) Aden’
Singapore, Bushire, Koweit, Bahrein and Masklt. 1 mas s), n ’
I have, &c.
R- W. BULLARD.
Enclosure in No. 1.
Report for the Period December 31, anuary 8, 1925.
a • T ? E r h ° peS ba ® ed 7~ b > r no ^ans unreasonably—on the letter from Ibn Saud to
Amm Kinam, to which I referred m my last report, came to nothing. After an
ommous silence of ten days, Rihani received, on the 4th January, another letter from
Ibn baud, saying that he must not interfere, and that the sword must decide. At
he moment when this letter arrived, all the Jeddah guns were firing in the direction
or a considerable body of horsemen—assumed to be a Wahabi reconnaissance party
—which had emerged from the foothills into the plain at a distance of 4 or 5 miles
trom Jeddah. This movement was not altogether unexpected, as fairly reliable
reports had already been received that the Wahabi force had left Mecca in the
direction of Jeddah and other places on the coast, and that Ibn Saud himself was
at Hada, near Bahrah, on the Jeddah—Mecca road. The only casualties in the |
bombardment, which lasted for several hours, were some perfectly friendly sheep, |
but the Hedjaz Government announce a great victory, and urge the people of Mecca
to cut the Wahabis’ communications. But that is not at all in the Mecca people’s
hue. If it were a question of the purse or throat of a pilgrim ....
2. Since the c 'battle ” of the 4th January nothing whatever has happened,
and, as the moon is near the full, the Wahabis, who like to attack on dark nights,
are not expected to make a serious attempt on Jeddah for the next few days. The
only offensive weapon the Hedjaz Government possess—the air arm—is very weak.
Only one of the three recently arrived De Haviland aeroplanes is working, and only .
one of the three Russian pilots makes any serious flights. This officer dropped a 1
shell or two near Bahrah on the 4th or 5th January.
3. Rabigh, a small port to the north of Jeddah, is to be blockaded with effect
from the 16th January. The blockade of the southern ports of Lith, Kunfudah and
Half has been undertaken in so casual a fashion that it has been necessary to remind
the Hedjaz Government in writing that His Majesty’s Government cannot recognise
a blockade^ that is not effective. The blockading force consists of the Hedjaz
steamship “ Tawil,” which is so slow that she must take over twenty-four hours
merely to pass from one end of the blockaded line to the other—a distance of about
120 miles. There are rumours that two Aden dhows have been seized at Lith, but no
definite news is to be had yet.
4. Mr. Philby left for Aden on the 3rd January. He has a journey of explora
tion in mind, but the severe attack of dysentery from wdiich he is suffering has the
upper hand at present of the spirit of adventure, and it would need little encourage
ment from doctors at Aden to make him return to England. But sick or well, he s
sticks tenaciously to his religion—a simple dualism in which the spirit of darkness 11
is represented by His Majesty’s Government.
5. The Caliphate Committee delegates, including a third, who seems to have
been added at the last moment, arrived on the 2nd January. In an interview with
King Ali, and in another with a journalist, which is reported in the “ Hedjaz Post,”
[864 c—1]
About this item
- Content
The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.
The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.
The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).
The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).
In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (445 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
The subject 1707 (Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)) consists of one volume only.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [386r] (776/898), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1115, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100084998362.0x0000b1> [accessed 25 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/1115
- Title
- File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:88v, 90r:104v, 106r:108v, 110r:124v, 126r:128v, 129v:132v, 133v, 134v:137v, 139r:145r, 146r:161v, 162v:180v, 183r:205v, 206v:267r, 269r:271v, 273r:288v, 291r:308v, 309v, 310v, 311v, 312v, 313v, 314v, 315v, 316v, 317v:321r, 324r:335r, 337r:378v, 379v:381v, 383v:389v, 391r:393v, 395v:397v, 399r:400r, 402r:446v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence