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Coll 28/28 ‘Persia. Perso-Baluchistan Frontier. Demarcation near Mirjawa.’ [110v] (231/658)
The record is made up of 1 volume (323 folios). It was created in 14 Apr 1924-20 Nov 1935. It was written in English and Persian. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Juzzak (Taftan) is ike obvious place for it* It becomes necessary to interpolate
here a few remarks about the water supply of Juzzak. Hitherto the railway
authorities have held that the water at this point is too salty to be used in
railway engines and it has also been assumed that it is not fit for permanent
human consumption. This postulate 1 venture to doubt. Experience elsewhere
has shown that a few month’s steady pumping- of water from any initially salty
source tends to remove the salt from the soil, and it is most desirable in my
opinion that before coming to any decision on the location of the railway ter-
minus, an experiment of this nature should be made with the water sources both
at Juzzak and Makak, a few miles north of the Railway. The
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
in Kalat has suggested that an agreement might be effected with the Persians
to enable us to take water from the Mirjawa supply and this is another possibi
lity worth Consideration, though the previous attitude of the Persians in regard
to*our taking water from their supplies has not been generous. In any event
I would not suggest that Persian complaisance on this particular point should
be a deciding factor on the question of frontier rectification.
5. Apart from the possible water difficulty, the Political Agent’s proposed
line is, equally with His Majesty’s Minister’s, line (a), free from objection and
has the advantage that it makes better use of topographical features. Either
line will have little or no effect on our tribes as the population concerned is in
finitesimal and almost wholly of the Peki tribe, the greater part of which already
lives in Persian territory, while their
Sardar
Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division.
is a Persian subject. The only
place of any Value to us which would be involved in the cession of territory fol
lowing the adoption of either line is Kacha, and as has been pointed out before
there is already doubt whether Kacha lies within British or Persian territory
under the terms of Holdich agreement.
Copy of a confidential letter from the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, Kalat, to the Sec
retary TO THE Hon’bLE THE AgENT TO THE GoVERNOR-GeNERAL AND CHIEt
Commissioner in Baluchistan, No. 264-C., dated the 8th August 1932.
With reference to your Express letter No, 418-S., dated the 23rd Jiuie
1932, I have the honour to report as follows.
2. I have considered the alternative proposals put forward by His
Majesty’s Minister Tehran in the light of my own local knowledge and of thd
attached report by the Assistant
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, Chagai,; who at my request
consulted the Sinjranis, Rekis and other inhabitants of the area concerned
during his visit to Nok Kundi last month.
3. In the opinion of Captain Cox and myself, the line (b) proposed by His
Majesty’s Minister is Open to the following objections :—
{i) It includes in Persia an area which geographically does not belong'
to the Sarhad, the “ frontier province ” of Persia.
(n) It leaves us with a featureless border-line and a bad frontier statiofi,
Nok Kundi.
(m) It gives Persia part of what may one day prove a Valuable mineral
field, namely the volcanic area between Sornehan Kuh (4000 A '
and Kuh-i-Malik (3048 /\ ) which abounds in such minerals aS
bauxite, kaolin and sulphate of alumina.
4. On the other hand, His Majesty’s Minister’s line {a) has the following
disadvantage, m addition to that nointed out bv His Majestv’s Minister bine
self in paragraph 4 of his letter: the long and sharp salient involved would be
no less difficult and expensive to administer effectivelv than the existing 01 j e
and would be of even less value, to us, as it would exclude the only reasonably
habitable spot in the area, Kacha.
5. I he line which I would suggest, if it is decided to rectify the frontier $
teUeh a way as to give Persia a substantial strip of territory, is the following •"
I rom boundary pillar No. 11 to the south-eastern end of the
Kmi, thence along the axis of this range to its north-western end so 11
ot the railway at Juzzak. Thence to a point on the railway
aiately to the north-west of Kuh-i-Taftan station (wrongly biary 1
, Juzzak” m the survey of India maps). Thence northwards u
intersected points 5291 and 5514 to trig station 1881 north of Sam a 1
1 hence almost due north to the Afghan frontier opposite Dardan w e
About this item
- Content
Correspondence, memoranda, maps and other papers relating to the establishment of a precise position of the frontier between Persia [Iran], British Baluchistan [in present-day Pakistan], and Afghanistan, arising in response to the proposed transfer to Persian ownership of the Mirjawa [Mīrjāveh] to Duzdap [Zahedan] stretch of the North Western Railway, and territorial claims made by the Khan of Kalat, Mir Mohammad Azam Jan Khan, and the Persian Government. The volume’s correspondents include: Foreign Office and India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. officials; the British Legation at Tehran (Reginald Hervey Hoare; Charles Dodd); the Government of India (Francis Verner Wylie); the Agent to Governor-General and Chief Commissioner for Baluchistan (Alexander Norman Ley Cater); the British Consul for Sīstān and Kain [Ka’īn] (Clive Kirkpatrick Daly).
The correspondence covers:
- The historical basis for negotiations, being surveys carried out in the 1870s, and a demarcation agreement concluded on 24 March 1896 by Colonel Thomas Hungerford Holdich, later referred to as the Holdich Line. Papers include correspondence from the 1930s in response to uncertainties about the precise position of the line (including extracts of the agreement in Persian), and copies of correspondence from 1895-1896 relating to the conclusion of Holdich’s agreement.
- Arrangements in 1932 for a joint British and Persian survey party to map the frontier, with Captain Guy Bomford of the Survey of India leading the British party. The results of Bomford’s survey are summarised in a copy of a secret letter, dated 9 June 1932, with accompanying maps (ff 113-119).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (323 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 321; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and two ending flyleaves.
A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English and Persian in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/3425
- Title
- Coll 28/28 ‘Persia. Perso-Baluchistan Frontier. Demarcation near Mirjawa.’
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:ii-v, 1r:13v, 15r:37v, 41r:53v, 59r:100v, 102r:114v, 116r:117v, 120r:160v, 163r:173v, 175r:179v, 181r:185v, 187r:257v, 259r:281v, 283r:291v, 293r:305v, 307r:321r, back-i, iii-r:iv-v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence