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Coll 28/28 ‘Persia. Perso-Baluchistan Frontier. Demarcation near Mirjawa.’ [‎111r] (232/658)

The record is made up of 1 volume (323 folios). It was created in 14 Apr 1924-20 Nov 1935. It was written in English and Persian. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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3
This line gives an area of approximately 950 square miles to Pe'rsia, in
cluding the Kacha range with its north-eastern talus which belongs geograph
ically to the Sarhad, while it leaves the relatively important levy posts of
Saindak and Amalaf in British territory. It is. easier to demarcate and some
what more defensive than either of the alternatives.
6. So far as the scanty nomad population of the area is concerned, there is
little to choose between my line and His Majesty’s Minister’s line {a). Only
a few Rekis, whose Sardar Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Habibullah Khan of Ande (11 miles south of
Mirjawa) is already a Persian subject and an officer in their Amnieh Police, are
affected in either case. Line (5) would leave to Persia a stretch of desert
shown on the inap as belonging to the western Sinjrani tribe ; so far as it goes,
this fact argues in favour of the line proposed by toe above.
7. The question of which station on the railway is to be the terminus of the
service, or the frontier station on our side if the service in Persian territory
is to be resumed, is an important one and is closely connected with the present
question. I shall address you separately, on this subject in the near future.
At present all I need say is that in my opinion Nok Kundi is entirely unsuitable
both as a terminus and as a frontier station. Kuh-i-Taftan (Juzzak), opposite
and reasonably close to Mirjawa in Persian territory, is the obvious place,
unless the railway service is to be still further curtailed and taken back to
Dalbaiidin. Even so, a motor-road will have to be maintained up to the frontier,
either along the railway line or along the old caravan-route ; in the former case
Kuh-i-Taftan station, in the latter Saindak, will be preferable to Nok Kundi
as ouf frontier post. The water difficulty at Kuh-i-Taftan could be easily dealt
with by arranging with thq Persians, as part of the general agreement, to take
water by pipe line from the excellent Mihjawa supply (brought by us from the
Ladis stream during the War at enormous expense) eleven miles away. There
is no supply of sweet water within 60 or 70 miles of Nok Kundi, so far as I
know, and a boundary line which obliged Us to make that place our frontier
station would therefore have grave disadvantages.
Copy of a Note, dated the 17th July 1932, recorded by the Assistant Political
Agent, Kalat and Chagai.
I have made enquiries through Sardar Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Taj Muhammad Sinjrani, Mir
Muhammad Shariff Reki of Ladghast, Jemadar Khan Jan Jemaldini, of the
Sohtagan garrison, and the Frontier Assistant, Mirjawa, and am informed that
the majority of the sparse nomad population likely to be affected by the pro
posed alteration of the Perso-Baluch boundary are Rekis.
These Rekis are under the control of Sardar Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Habibulla Khan of Mirjawa,
who is a Persian subject. The greater part of the tribe already live's in Per
sian territory and a transference to Persia would have little effect on the British
Rekis.
Various other such as the Notzais, Shawazis and Zarazis are in such small
numbers and so nomadic as to be unlikely to influence the question.
In order to retain the comparative^ important posts of Saindak, Amalaf,
and Mukak Chah, I suggest that the boundary from Pillar No. 11 follow the
line proposed by Tehran as far as Juzzak, thereafter to point 5291, 5813, 5514
and 1881 and thence to Dardan on the Afghan border. The territory thus con
ceded to Persia would be of sufficiently imposing dimensions to serve the pur
pose required. It is mostly mountainous or desert waste of no real vlaue.
lc!63FD—8—1-9-32—-GIPS

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Content

Correspondence, memoranda, maps and other papers relating to the establishment of a precise position of the frontier between Persia [Iran], British Baluchistan [in present-day Pakistan], and Afghanistan, arising in response to the proposed transfer to Persian ownership of the Mirjawa [Mīrjāveh] to Duzdap [Zahedan] stretch of the North Western Railway, and territorial claims made by the Khan of Kalat, Mir Mohammad Azam Jan Khan, and the Persian Government. The volume’s correspondents include: Foreign Office and India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. officials; the British Legation at Tehran (Reginald Hervey Hoare; Charles Dodd); the Government of India (Francis Verner Wylie); the Agent to Governor-General and Chief Commissioner for Baluchistan (Alexander Norman Ley Cater); the British Consul for Sīstān and Kain [Ka’īn] (Clive Kirkpatrick Daly).

The correspondence covers:

  • The historical basis for negotiations, being surveys carried out in the 1870s, and a demarcation agreement concluded on 24 March 1896 by Colonel Thomas Hungerford Holdich, later referred to as the Holdich Line. Papers include correspondence from the 1930s in response to uncertainties about the precise position of the line (including extracts of the agreement in Persian), and copies of correspondence from 1895-1896 relating to the conclusion of Holdich’s agreement.
  • Arrangements in 1932 for a joint British and Persian survey party to map the frontier, with Captain Guy Bomford of the Survey of India leading the British party. The results of Bomford’s survey are summarised in a copy of a secret letter, dated 9 June 1932, with accompanying maps (ff 113-119).
Extent and format
1 volume (323 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 321; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and two ending flyleaves.

A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English and Persian in Latin and Arabic script
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Coll 28/28 ‘Persia. Perso-Baluchistan Frontier. Demarcation near Mirjawa.’ [‎111r] (232/658), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3425, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100085225767.0x000021> [accessed 19 April 2024]

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