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'CONFIDENTIAL 86/31 VOL. B.64 OIL IN ITS RELATION TO THE MIDDLE EAST' [129v] (263/578)
The record is made up of 1 volume (285 folios). It was created in 11 Oct 1940-22 Aug 1945. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
8.
such co-operation to secure'from the Eulers the'assistance they
require in developing oilfields in the hinterland and in
securing protection . agurnut tra'besmn i.
13- -i ntnrc^sts ,in the Pursian ,Gnlf . The United States
have been, taking an increasing interest in this* area both iron •
the point of view of oil dovelopront and with an eye to post-war
civil aviation. ' As stated above, the important oil concession
in Bahrein is owned by the Americans. Uhile our relations
with the Bahrein Pet no 1cm Company have always been most friendly,
the Company co-operating bully in thc/:pirit of the agreement,
there have, nevertheless, been indications that the United States
Government• arc not altogether satisfied witn the arrangement
whereby political relations with the Sheikhs, affecting as they
do the interests of American subjects, are left cnoirel^ in the
hands of the British Political Authorities* The United States
Government recently put forward a proposal for the opening of an
American Consulate at Balirein which was successfully resisted
on our part, mainly on the grounds that to allow thorn Consular
representation there would open the way to other countries, such
as Iraq, Persia and Saudi-Arabia, and that the proposal could not
be justified by the number of American subjects living in Bahrein
or the magnitude of American interests there.
14. It therefore appears not improbable that in any discussions
with us they, may press to be allowed greater freedom in conducting
direct relations with the Sheikhs. ^my such request should,
from our own interests, be most firmly opposed on the ground
that to admit such a request in the case of the United States
M,A
/
would oe to open the door, to intrusion by other countries such
as Iraq, Persia and Saudi ^rabia, which would certainly bo
detrimental in the long run both to our interests and those of
thu United States. It may not, however, be easy to resist such
proposals Dy the ijicricans in the caso of Unseat, since the latter
is/
wmai
About this item
- Content
The volume comprises correspondence and discussions regarding the economic and political situation in relation to oil in the Middle East during and immediately after the Second World War. At the centre of the discussions are talks which took place in Washington DC between US and UK government officials looking at the global importance of oil, which focused particularly on oil in the Middle East.
The talks concluded with the production of a memorandum of understanding which was published 8 August 1944 as the Agreement on Petroleum between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, otherwise known as the Anglo-American Oil Agreement (1945).
Also included in the volume is correspondence between the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Charles Geoffrey Prior), the Secretary to the Government of India, External Affairs Department (Olaf Kirkpatrick Caroe), the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , and His Majesty’s Minister at Jeddah (Stanley Jordan) regarding two proposed pipelines. The first being the ‘trans-arabian pipeline’ which it was proposed would link the Middle East to the Mediterranean. The proposal was initially postponed owing to heavy criticism of it in the United States press but was later taken up by the Arabian American Oil Company (ARAMCO). The second proposal from the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO) and the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC, later renamed ARAMCO) was for a pipeline to take crude oil from Dhahran [Aẓ-Ẓahrān], Saudi Arabia to the BAPCO refinery at Bahrain.
Also included is correspondence between the Chief Local Representative for BAPCO (Milton H Lipp, Ward P Anderson) and the Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (Charles Dalrymple Belgrave) regarding possible sites for the pipeline and the reservation of required land. Further discussion centred on the question of the eastern frontier of Saudi Arabia, which was in dispute, and whether His Majesty’s Government should look to tackle the matter at that time with the Saudi Arab Government or wait until the progress of the oil companies required its resolution. Jabal Naksh and Khor-al-Odaid [Khawr al ‘Udayd], which were claimed by Qatar and Abu Dhabi respectively, and whose claims were supported by His Majesty’s Government but contested by Saudi Arabia were discussed as being key areas in the frontier dispute.
Another matter discussed in the volume was a visit paid by the Mission of the Petroleum Reserves Corporation to the Middle East. The Mission’s purpose was to review resources of petroleum in the Middle East and its itinerary included visits to Kuwait, Dhahran, and Bahrain. The mission was headed by Everette Lee Degoyler and also included the eminent geologists and petroleum experts Dr George Martin Lees, William Embry Wrather, and John Herhold Murrell.
Other matters touched on in the volume include a request by ARAMCO to undertake a hydrographic survey of the coast line of the Kuwait Neutral Zone; the possibility of resuming oil field production in Qatar and Kuwait provided the necessary equipment could be obtained from the USA; articles published in American journals and newspapers regarding the global oil situation and oil in the Middle East; and a visit paid by Major Frank Holmes to Kuwait in 1944.
Also included in the volume are a number of notes and memorandums relating to oil in the Middle East:
- notes produced at an oil conference in Cairo in 1944 which described oil production in Bahrain and Kuwait, they contained a number of inaccuracies and were re-written by the Political Agents for Bahrain and Kuwait with assistance from the Chief Local Representatives of the Bahrain Petroleum Company and the Kuwait Oil Company;
- The future of oil in its relation to the Middle East ; memorandum produced by Arthur Charles Hearn, Admiralty, 11 October 1940 (ff 9-21);
- Note on present oil position in Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. by Commodore John Montagu Howson, Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (ff 103-104 );
- Memorandum on the oil concessions in the Arab Sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , by the External Department, India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , 13 Mar 1944 (ff 126-134);
- A survey of the oil resources in the Middle East (With map and graph), Research Department, Foreign Office, 28 Feb 1945 (ff 239-250);
- Iraq Oil (ff 257-267).
A series of file notes which were maintained as a record of the correspondence in the volume can be found at folios 272-283.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (285 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume contains a table of contents on folio 5 comprising of subject headings and page references. The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 287; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 7-270; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/700
- Title
- 'CONFIDENTIAL 86/31 VOL. B.64 OIL IN ITS RELATION TO THE MIDDLE EAST'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:25v, 27r:56v, 59r:59v, 61r:87v, 89r:93v, 95r:119v, 122r:122v, 124r:155v, 160r:161v, 163r:167v, 169r:173v, 175r:176v, 177v, 178v, 179v, 180v:182v, 191r:195v, 197r:200v, 202r:210v, 216r:216v, 220r:247v, 249r:286v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence