"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎٥‎٩‎٢] (١٧٨٢/٧٣٥)

592
and he even extended his influence westwards over a part of the Mahra
country. Gradually 3 however, his rule, which was arbitrary and oppres
sive, fell into discredit; for, while he exacted forced' labour and
contributions for himself and his family and levied import and export
duty on all goods at 5 per cent., he was not long- successful in composino-
the dissensions among tribes, nor was his administration of justice as
between individuals applauded. At length, in January 1879, a general
revolution took place among the people, and he was obliged to flv the
country.
Second annexation of Dhufar to 'Oman oy Turki-bin-Sa'id, 1879.
F action b in
Dhufar.
Successful
expedition
from Masqat,
1879.
Intrigues
affecting
Dhuffir at
Shihr and
Makalla in
Arabia and
at Haidara-
bad in the
1879.
Dhufar
transferred
by the
Qoyernment
On the expulsion of Saiyid Fadhl from Dhufar, Shaikh 'Awadh-bin-
Abduilali, who had taken i leading part in the affair, paid a visit to Masqat
and induced the Sultan, then Saiyid Turki, to extend his authority once
more over this derelict corner of Arabia. Th einhabitants of Dhufar were
now divided into three parties, of which one headed by 'Awadh-bin-
Abdullah desired the Sultan of 'Oman for their master, while another led
by Awadh-bm-'Azzan aimed at the restoration of Saiyid Fadhl, and a
third, probably the largest, was in favour of independence.
An expedition by sea, despatched by Saiyid Turki under Sulaiman-
bin-Suwailim, reached Hasik at the eastern end of Dhufar in the end
of March or beginning of April 1879 and thence proceeded, partly by
watei and partly by land, along the coast to Sadah and so to Murbat,
where the whole force, consisting of about 100 men, arrived on the
A 1 *? 1, ' ' le P eo P^ e Murbat at once tendered their submission to
the Sultans representative; and, notwithstanding the hostility of a
majority of the A1 Kathir, Sulaiman-bin-Suwailim was able on the 11th
o Ma} to leport himself firmly established at the capital. One of his
nist acts, intended no doubt to conciliate the people, was to reduce the rate
of customs duty from the 5 per cent, taken by Saiyid Fadhl to 4 per cent.
At this tune the question of Dhufar was complicated by a dispute
^e ween tie Chiefs of Makalla and Shihr, under the jurisdiction of the
Aden Residency m which the Sultan of ^Oman, by showing sympathy
with the Makalla Chief and sending an agent to reside for a short time
at his court, incurred the hostility of the ruler of Shihr. It followed that,
while the Chief of Makalla cordially supported the designs of the Sultan
m Dhufar, the Chief of Shihr threw his weight into the opposite scale
and expressed so clearly his intention of interfering in Dhufar affairs
that m June mi) a warning, which proved effectual, was addressed him
e ii is i Resident at Aden. At the same time steps were taken to
rS /o? . s 1 ucces ? f appeals for help which had been made, both by the
^ am^er of the Sultan of 'Oman, to Arabs in
the employment of the Nizam of Haidarabad in India.
^^ff ct n consec l uence 0 f the discussions which thus arose was a
ofDW«/i^ur ernmei ; t ? { India ' at theend of 1879, that the district
1 u ( H regarded in future as falling within the jurisdiction
^ ^
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