"الشرق الأوسط. الأنشطة التركية-البلشفية: مذكرة بقلم مسؤول الاستخبارات السياسية مرفقة إلى مكتب الهند." [ظ‎‎٨‎٤] (٨/٢)

apparent confusion in Anatolian politics and the rivalry shown in respect of
Armenia.
I. The main point to be considered for the moment is the understanding between
the C.U.P. and Russia. Enver and Talaat fully realised that there was not the
slightest hope of achieving their purpose without the support of Russia. It will be
observed in {b) above how they also determined to’utilise ‘‘other nations which have
had enough of England’s protection ” and to seek in other Moslem countries to use
their “powerful national personality” in the fight against England.
o. They therefore made serious endeavours to ally themselves with, among
others, the Arab movement, the Egyptian Nationalist movement, and the Indian
National movement (through Mohtl. Ali), and to bring about an understanding between
these different parties and Russia. In order to accomplish this, they sought to
reconcile Bolshevik aims with these different Nationalist aims and produce a modus
■mvendi between the two. 'This task was by no means easy. The various Nationalist
parties were extremely nervous of the Bolshevik, especially as regards the /eligious
aspect. Talaat, however, managed this part of his task extremely adroitly. How he
did it may be illustrated by the resolutions arrived at during certain meetings in
Switzerland at which the different Nationalist groups were represented.
Extract from A.—Resolution at meeting in St. Moritz on 7th January : —
“ Formation of the administration of the country (Anatolia) with Socialist
principles so long as they do not clash with the principles of Islam.”
Extracts from B.—Resolutions at meeting in St. Moritz in May :—
1. The Alliance with the Bolsheviks must be only for a limited period.
'1. To render all assistance possible to free India, Egypt, and Persia from
England.
On the strength of these resolutions, which appeared to leave them liberty of
action, the different parties sanctioned the rapprochement with Russia. Enver then
returned to Moscow, and on Ibth May Ibid), at a secret conference held in the Moscow
Foreign Office, attended by representatives from Persia, Georgia, Azerbaijan,
Turkestan, India, and Afghanistan, signed an agreement with the Soviet Government
for mutual support.
6. It has been stated above that the Unionists wish to get control of the Bolshevik
organisations. It will be remembered that the unfortunate “ Mussavat ” government
of Baku was successfully overturned by the Communists mainly as a result of the
assistance given by the numerous Turkish Unionists. A Soviet Government having
been instituted in Azerbaijan, the Unionists have succeeded in gaining considerable
control. The infiltration of Unionists in the Turkish Communist Party in Baku still
continues ; the}’ thus seek to establish complete control in course of time, and to gain
control of Georgia and Azerbaijan in order to connect up with their schemes in Central
Asia. They are in this respect working directly against the Bolshevists, and they
have one asset of great value on their side, viz., the growing discontent of Moham
medans in this part of the world against the Bolshevik. The Unionist plan therefore
is to continue the alliance with Russia so long as it enables them to advance their
own plans, which are being energetically pursued. 7 8
7. There is only one disadvantage for them, namely, that the Bolshevik is fully
alive to the danger. Enver is being carefully watched, whilst the Soviet Government
will probably oppose by every means any attempts to overrun Georgia or Armenia.
We may conclude this brief review of Unionist plans by saying that the same
process is going on in Anatolia as formerly in Azerbaijan ; for the moment the
Unionists are assisting to overthrow Mustafa Kemal and the present regime, and are
in consequence allied to the pro-Bolshevik party. They are prepared to go much
further in the Red road than the Nationalists for the achievement of their private and
political purposes.
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II.—The Bolshevik Attitude.
8. The well-advertised object of Soviet Russia to attack British, interests in the
East is too-"well known to bear repetit ion, and we are here only concerned with that
part of their programme that affects Anatolia, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan and