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ملف رقم ١٢٨٣\١٩١٣ الجزء ٥ "التجارة في بلاد الرافدين، إصدار تقرير تجارة جديد" [و‎‎١‎١‎٧] (٢٧٠/٢٢٩)

محتويات السجل: ١٣٥ ورقة. يعود تاريخه إلى ٢٤ نوفمبر ١٩١٩-٢٧ أكتوبر ١٩٢٠. اللغة أو اللغات المستخدمة: الإنجليزية. النسخة الأصلية محفوظة في المكتبة البريطانية: أوراق خاصة وثائق جُمعت بصفة شخصية. وسجلات من مكتب الهند إدارة الحكومة البريطانية التي كانت الحكومة في الهند ترفع إليها تقاريرها بين عامي ١٨٥٨ و١٩٤٧، حيث خلِفت مجلس إدارة شركة الهند الشرقية. .

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عرض تخطيط الصفحة

APPENDIX No. III.
THE SALE OF TIMBER IN MESOPOTAMIA.
1. Before the war, a considerable trade was done in Austrian timber from Bukovina by the
Russian subsidised line. The freight was only 14 francs a ton from Odessa to Basrah, and
the railway freight from Czernovitz to Bukovina was comparatively light. The commercial
section of the Russian Steam Navigation and Trading Company were anxious to arrange
that Russian, and not Austrain, timber should be exported from Odessa, but, although timber
of suitable kinds was actually available, the industry in Russia was not sufficiently developed
to enable the trade to provide the sizes and kinds of timber required. The only timber from
the East which could compete against Austrian timber, i.e., the so-colled Russian pine shipped
from Odessa, is timber from the Straits Settlements, known in Basrah as Javi.
2. The freight charged by the British India Steam Navigation Company on timber
exported from Singapore to Basrah was Rs. 35 a ton as compared with 14 francs a ton from
Odessa. The British India line’s ton was 40 cubic feet as against 33 cubic feet by the Russian
line. Endeavours were made by a Basrah merchant to charter a steamer from the British India
Company specially for the conveyance of timber from Singapore to Basrah at the rate of Rs. 25
a ton, but the negotiations came to nothing. The Singapore wood was used for construction
work only. In India, deal wood can be obtained only in small quantities and in districts
where no saw-mills exist.
3. The requirements of the date trade were supplied exclusively from Sweden and Fiume
and, in former years, from Galatz. The Odessa wood was found to be unsuitable for date
boxes. Malabar wood has not hitherto been employed for date boxes, but only imported
by Arabs for building boats and it is brought, roughly sawn into the shapes and sizes required,
in their own craft, uninsured. Negotiations, which have been undertaken for the supply
of construction timber from Malabar to Basrah have hitherto failed, because of the lack of
shipping facilities and also in consequence of the difficulty experienced in arranging for the
insurance of cargoes of native boats.
4. In 1911, the Resident in the Persian Gulf asked the Government of India to move the
British India Steam Navigation Company to accord for date-box wood the lowest possible
freights between the Malabar coast and Basrah, but the Government of India at that time
considered that any intervention on their part would be impolitic. In 1913, Sir Percy
Cox again addressed Government on the subject, in connection with the rapid development of
German competition in the Gulf. German vessels, in 1912, imported 173,000 date boxes, and
the value of date-box wood imported to Basrah was stated, in 1911, to be £120,500 for Basrah
alone. Mr. Strickland, Agent to the Government of Mysore, Forest Department, with the
approval and support of the Mysore Durbar, made efforts to develope the export of timber from
the Mysore forest and he sent a trial shipment of 1,000 date boxes in 1912 to Messrs. Gray,
Mackenzie & Co., Basrah. The shipment was unfavourably reported on by the firm as the
boxes were inferior in quality to the Swedish boxes and probably also inferior to those from
Fiume. The wood was not quite white, and it shrank and split more than the European woods.
The Indian wood had the further disadvantage of being somewhat heavier, resulting in the
merchant having to pay slightly higher freight both on its import into Basrah and on its export
again in the shape of boxes full of dates. Again, there was not the perfection of workmanship,
and the tongueing and grooving was not so accurately done as in the European-made box.
Each side of the box should be of one piece of wood, or, in the alternative, the pieces of plank
composing the box should be joined together in the most perfect manner possible. A trader in
Karachi recently sent to Basrah a sample box, constructed of excellent Indian pine wood, but
the planks used were sawn in such a way as to make it clear that the object of the manufac
turer was, regardless of the waste of timber, to form each side of the box with one piece of
wood so as to avoid the necessity of having to join pieces.
As regards the Mysore wood, if appeared further that the State Forest Department were
unable to turn out large quantities of the cases and, thus, were not in a position to arrange a
special charter of freight from India to cheapen the cost of transit. Nor could they supply
the accessories with the boxes, but it was suggested that the accessories could be made in
Great Britain and imported separately.
5. Mr. Strickland was inclined to believe that experience would overcome these difficulties,
and said that he could see his way to start sawing with water power with river carriage to the
coast, and he had also arranged for sufficient funds to erect a considerable sawing plant, pro
vided that success appeared likely. He was very anxious to continue the experiment, but he
received no encouragement. In 1914, the Resident in the Persian Gulf again addressed
the Government of India on the subject, and asked that the Mysore Durbar might be invited
to give special attention to the matter. He also suggested that a qualified agent might be
deputed to study the Gulf markets for wood. He gave figures to show that timber of the
value of £210,000 was imported at various ports in the Gulf during the year 1911-12. He
pointed out that date boxes were the biggest ^ item in the wood trade in* the Gulf at the
moment, but that there were other large items beginning to develope, such as the Baghdad

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المحتوى

يتكون الجزء ٥ من المجلد (الورقة ٣-١٣٧) بالكامل تقريبًا من تقريرين حكوميين شاملين متتاليين عن ظروف التجارة في بلاد الرافدين، عقب انتهاء الحرب العالمية الأولى (١٩١٤-١٩١٨) وتطور المصالح التجارية البريطانية في المنطقة. التقرير اللاحق الذي طبعته مطبعة الحكومة في بغداد سنة ١٩٢٠، عنوانه تقرير عن أحوال التجارة في بلاد الرافدين، من إعداد مكتب المفوّض المدني في بغداد . ويتضمن خريطة اتصالات تُحدد الطرق وشبكة السكة الحديدية بالمنطقة. التقرير السابق الذي طبعته حكومة الهند في كلكتا في سنة ١٩١٩، عنوانه آفاق التجارة البريطانية في بلاد الرافدين والخليج الفارسي .

الشكل والحيّز
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