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'File 53/11 VII (D 94) Date Gardens of Shaikhs of Kuwait and Mohammerah' [208r] (434/550)
The record is made up of 1 volume (273 folios). It was created in 26 Jun 1933-30 Sep 1933. It was written in English, Arabic and Turkish. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
P.5197/33.
Enclosure in iftreign office covering letter,
No.£.4512/308/93, dated iugugt 21St. 1933.
II"
^3
Mo.477 . British Untoaaay,
(394/11/33). Baghdad.
25th July, 1933.
4
air,
vith reference to ray Saving telegram Mo.(
July 20th regarding the outbreak of trouble anongst the
fellaheen
Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour.
on the shaikh of Kuwait's estates at /ao, I will
nov? sum arise the facts given to me by the Political
Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
.
2. According to Colonel Dickson, the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
at Kuwait, the shaikh has received news from his agent at
Fao to the effect that the trouble began in the northern
half of the property, and then rapidly spread to the
southern half. Many acts of sabotage are reported to
have teken place, such as the cutting down of trees.
About two-thirds of the
fellaheen
Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour.
have refused to supply to
the ahaikh's agent the firewood, palm fronds, fruit and
fodder which are normally sent to Kuwait at this time
of the year for the use of the Shaikh's household.
3. In reply to the agent's protests the
fellaheen
Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour.
appear to have everywhere given a corrmon form of reply,
namely, "The *Iraqi Governnent, not the Shaikh of Kuwait,
is our Government; we are the owners of the soil and
have been born and bred on it. Our Goverrraent is going
to help us and meke us proprietors."
4. According to the shaikh, the agent further
reported that he had officially complained to the ttudir
of Fao about the behaviour of the
fellaheen
Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour.
; that the
Mudir
About this item
- Content
This file contains correspondence between British officials regarding date gardens in southern Iraq owned by the rulers of Mohammerah and Kuwait. The correspondence discusses changes in legislation proposed by the Government of Iraq regarding the collection of land rent and land produce duties, and the impact of these proposed changes to the ruler of Kuwait, Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ.
In particular, the correspondence concerns the Government of Iraq's decision to end the immunity from taxation (on the gardens) that had been granted to the former ruler of Kuwait, Shaikh Mubārak Āl Ṣabāḥ and the Shaikh of Mohamerrah, Khaz‘al bin Jābir al-Ka‘bī by the British Government in return for their military support against the Ottoman Empire in World War 1.
The correspondence discusses disturbances on the land owned by Shaikh Ahmad caused by his fellaheen Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour. (agricultural workers) allegedly refusing to pay rent, committing acts of sabotage and some of them demanding to be made proprietors of the land in place of the Shaikh. Within the correspondence, British officials discuss the Iraqi government's role in fostering the discontent and discuss the appropriate response with both Shaikh Aḥmad and the Government of Iraq.
The file contains a Foreign Office memorandum that outlines the sequence of events regarding the Shaikhs' date gardens from 1914 until 1933 (ff 22-25).
The file also contains details regarding a legal case brought against Shaikh Ahmad by members of the Al Zuhair family regarding the ownership of some of his land holdings in Iraq.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (273 folios)
- Arrangement
File is arranged in chronological order, from earliest at beginning of the file to most recent at end.
- Physical characteristics
Condition: Formerly a bound correspondence volume, the file's sheets have been unbound and are now loose.
Foliation: The file has one complete foliation sequence, which is written in pencil in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio. The sequence begins with the first item of correspondence, on number 1, and runs through to the final folio of writing, ending on number 258. The following foliation errors are contained in the file: f 68A, f 224A.
- Written in
- English, Arabic and Turkish in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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'File 53/11 VII (D 94) Date Gardens of Shaikhs of Kuwait and Mohammerah' [208r] (434/550), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/489, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023596373.0x000023> [accessed 3 May 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/489
- Title
- 'File 53/11 VII (D 94) Date Gardens of Shaikhs of Kuwait and Mohammerah'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:v-v, 1r:5v, 6v:10v, 13v:68v, 68Ar, 68Av, 69r:142v, 143v:224v, 224Ar, 224Av, 225r:259v, vi-r:x-v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence