‘A collection of treaties, engagements and sanads relating to India and neighbouring countries’ [‎261] (278/578)

AFGHANISTAN—NO. XV—1895.
2G1
leaving all the country draining into the Kunar river within the limits of Afghanis
tan and all the country draining towards Barawal and Bajaur outside the limits
of Afghanistan ; but beyond the aforesaid point in the neighbourhood of the Nawa
Kotal the frontier has not at present been demarcated.
(IV) That on both sides of the Kunar river this frontier, as described in the
three preceding articles, for the most part requires no artificial demarcation, be
cause it is a natural boundary following the crests of mountain ranges ; but since
at present inspection in situ is impossible, when the ground is examined on the
spot, it is probable that in the places where these mountain ranges abut on the
Kunar river from either side, demarcation by pillars for a short distance from the
water’s edge on both sides of the river will be found desirable for the purpose of
separating the boundary of Afghanistan from Arnawai pertaining to Chitrar and
the limits of the Kafir country (lit., Kafiristan) of the Landai Sin from Chitrar.
In that case these pillars will be erected along the line of the watershed described
in the first and second articles of the present agreement, subject to any slight
divergencies from this line which may be necessary to protect the local rights
of villages adjoining the frontier.
(V) That the frontier pillars, wherever considered desirable will be erected
hereafter by an officer of the Government of India and an officer of His Highness
the Amir acting in concert.
(VI) That these watersheds forming the frontier agreed upon as described
in the first three articles of the present agreement, have been marked by a red
line on the survey map attached to this agreement, which, like the agreement
itself, has been signed by us both. In three places, viz., (i) for a short distance
from either bank of the Kunar river, (ii) in the neighbourhood of the Binshi Kotal,
and (iii) in the neighbourhood of the Frepaman Kotal, this red line has been broken
up into dots because the exact position of the watershed in these localities has not
been ascertained with perfect accuracy ; but wherever the watershed may lie
the frontier will follow it, subject only to any slight variations from the water
shed which may be considered necessary under Article (4) of the present agreement.
(VII) That, since on the map attached to the Convention* the Arnawai stream
was drawn on the western side of the river in the place
^ the Durand 0 f the Landai Sin of the Kafir country (lit. Kafiristan)
R. U[dny]. which has been decided to pertain to the Afghan Gov
ernment, and, since after enquiry and inspection of the
same it was clearly ascertained by the Survey party that the aforesaid stmim
is situated on the eastern side of the Kunar river, and falls into the river near the
village of Arnawai, and that the drawing of it on the western side (of the river)
in the place of the Landai Sin was a mistake, this Arnawai stream has (now) been
drawn and marked on the present survey map in its own proper place, and that
stream which was drawn in the Convention map on the western side of the river
was the Landai Sin stream of the Kafir country (lit. Kafiristan) which has now
been decided to pertain to the Government of Afghanistan and to be included in
the limits of Afghanistan. Accordingly in the present survey map it has been