'GAZETTEER OF PERSIA. VOLUME II' [‎251r] (506/706)

QASR-I-SHIRIN
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2. Tangab, composed of—
(а) Maiqurikhan, rising in BazI Daraz.
( б ) Kuruk, rising in BazI Daraz.
(c) Sarab-i-Mirt, rising in Gilan.
(d) Chilla rising in Qalaja Mt.
3, Palkana, a brook rising in Baghcheh Mountain.
With the exception of the last-named, these are all drainages of the long
mountain system, which is called Sumbulak, BazI Daraz, Sarkash and
Qalaja from N.-W. to S.-E.
( 2 ) Turkish Side. —The water supply is entirely derived from the Sirwan
and Hulwan rivers, and the irrigation canals carried off from them. There
are four such at Khaniqln watering the gardens of HajI Qara and Baba
Mahmud on one side, and ArkawazI and Allawa on the other side of the
Hulvan. A small stream exists in Sauj-Bulagh, which waters Baba Pilavi.
In late summer very little water of the Hulvan reaches the Shirvan, as it is
also tapped in Bishiva and Sar-i-Pul (Persian territory.)
Population. —To a large extent the population is a floating one, as in
the winter the land is covered with tribespeople, who retire in March and
April, so that by the end of the latter month the country is deserted except
for the people of the sedentary tribes, and the villages.
1. Sharafbaini. (See separate article.)
The Guran tribe does not come within the scope of this report, but south
of Bamu, in Zuhab, and in the Bajlan plain the following tribes pitch
their tents from January till the middle of March: (a) Taishai at Chla Surkh
( 6 ) Qadir Mir Vaisi, north of Chla Surkh and at KanI Pamu, (c) NairzhI, in
the district of Bajlaa known as Qizil (and watered by the stream of that name
and also at Ban Zamin near Haush Kurl, {d) QalkhanI between the hill of
Blshikan and Qizil and also in Jigarlu, which lies between Qizil and the
Qaravaz hill. These tribes pass up through Znhab to their summer quarters
in the Dalahu mountain.
3. The Bajlan tribe. (See separate article.)
4. The Baityarawand. The remnants of a tribe now very poor. The few
of them now remaining are under the protection of various other tribes.
5. Sinjabi. (See separate article).
6 . Ahmadavand Buhtui. —This tribe has its main headquarters in the
neighbourhood of Kirmanshah and only winters between Baghcheh and Dar-
i-Baru, where the Chief Muhammad Khan, Path us Saltana, son of Shah Murad
Khan, possesses some property. He has no affairs in the frontier. The tribe
is small, and has abandoned the raiding for which it was notorious in recent
years. It is supposed to be remotely connected with the Hamavand of Bazia
and Chemchemal (near Sulaimanleh). At Tangab, the only Ahmadavand
Buhtui village,'there are 31 people under a headman, ’Aziz, appointed by
Path us Saltana, and he has built a mill there. The tribe is Sunni.
7. Kalhur .—(See separate article).
Language. —Immigrant tongues have displaced the native language of the
district, except among the Bajlan tribe, who still speak a dialect developed
from the Pehlevi spoken there in Sasanian times. Otherwise Southern Kur-
manji (Kurdish) is spoken north of the Hulwan and Kirmanshahl, a Lur-Kurd
dialect, to the south. Persian is understood on the main road, and Turkish
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