'GAZETTEER OF PERSIA. VOLUME II' [‎34v] (73/706)

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AVRU—AWAJ
the Persian side and cannot always be easily forded. Niighud, its chief
place, was taken in 1878 by Farhad Mirza’s troops and was set fire to and
its gardens destroyed.
Resources. —Produce—figs and pomegranates/ which are exported and
s dd or bartered against wheat and barley. ’AsJ Mdl at, tumdns 300. Water
for drinking is from springs.
Much buckthorn grows in the district, and its berries are exported for
dye-stuff, as well as galls and the skins of pomegranates. Excellent honey
also is produced. Wood is so plentiful that winter fires are burnt in open
fire places and not in tanurs under kursls as in other districts .—(Rich ;
Plowden; Schindler, 1902; Rabino, 1911.)
AVRUMAN TAKHT—
A buldk of K- rdistan about 11 farsakhs south-west of Sinandij.
It is a very rugged country bordered west by Shahr-i-Zur in Turkey,
north and east by the villages of Sinneh and south by Avruman Lahun and
Juvanr ad
it has 33 villages and a population of 5,000, all Sunnis, with yearly taxes
amounting to 7,000 kr* ns.
It is well wooded principally with oak, and galls are exported. Much
wild celery grows in the district and the pickles which are locally made of it
are a delicacy. It also produces pomegranates, figs, gall-nuts, and other
forest fruits. Wheat and barley and other provisions are imported.
The climate is warm, and the pomegranate thrives well. The inhabitants
are wild and unruly, and, as troops with artillery cannot reach the district
on account of the difficult roads leading to it, they rarely pay any taxes
and are practically independent. Farhad Mirza, Mu’tamad-ud-Dauleh,
brought them to reason in 1871, but since then the Chiefs have again ceased
to pay taxes.— (Schindler, 1902; Rabino, 1917.)
AVUGLO—Elev. 2,750'.
A large village in Azarbaljan of 500 houses, the property of the
Wall ’Ahd. Roads converge here to Maraud, Khol, Julfa, Marakand and
Karaziadin. Many of the inhabitants are supposed to be Bahis though
Bahls deny it. From Av glu the road passes over a waterless salt tract
to the watershed overlooking the Aras valley : this plateau is called Yakain,
also the Khar Dasht. The village lies on the left bank of the Qutur Chai,
which here flows in a broad bed, 120 yards wide between low banks. The
water had a breadth of 30 feet, depth 6 inches, in November.— (Picot, 1891,)
AWAJIK or AVAJIK— Elev. 5,900'.
The name given to a plateau in north-west Azarbaijan, situated west
of Maku where the Awajikchal, one of the branches of the Maku and
Zangmar river, takes its rise. The plateau stands at an elevation of
5,900 feet and covers an area of about 1'4 by 8 miles. It is enclosed on all
sides by high mountains. Its 35 villages, of which Kal'sa Kandi is the
most important, are peopled by a tribe of Turks who originally came from the
direction of Kars and settled in Awajik some 70 years ago. They apparently
displaced the Arme va .s, the remains of whose large villages and churches
lie scattered throughout the valley. The present chief, the first in succession