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Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain' [111v] (227/1062)
The record is made up of 1 file in 3 parts (519 folios). It was created in 25 May 1934-23 Sep 1948. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Persian Claim reasserted, 1922 23 jiB'
P.G. 13, 67,
§ 26.
P.G.13, 67-8,
27-9.
P.G. 13, 63-4,
§§ 11-14.
134. In 1922 His Majesty’s Consul ^hTeiuis were Persian
Persian passport officials at Lmgah ha Th se i zec i two British certi-
subjeets and should be given Iersi«i P--P ' representations being made
flcates of identity granted to Bahre n subjects, but^ep^ Gove * nment
by the Minister at lehr an instruetio £ ]n 192 2, also, the Persian
that there was to be no repetition o "-g gtated that while not for the
delegate at a 1 ostal Conference ht ' Bahrein post office, his action
moment pressing for the transfer to 1 °y ah 1
was without prejudice to the Peibian c discussion in the
135. In 1923, Bah^fnXK to return a member to the
Majliss on the desirability of ^ n g®”‘fa Commission for report, His
Persian Parliament, which ..m desirable to address a formal Note to
“ £1, or,,.loved i« «, „,™ ;
Iran h m above) Owing to the difficult internal situation in Persia this proposal
was dropped but in September 1923 the Persian Government was informed that
the*island was now a British protectorate and that Maje?^ s^overnmen
did not contemplate any alteration or its status. Lie Persian Mmnte
Foreisn Affairs replied that the Government of which he was a member had no
hitentffin ofTaving P claim to Bahrein on behalf of Persia But despite this state
ment the Minister for Foreign Affairs again reverted to the question in the
following month.
His Majesty's Government remove Sheikh Isa for Mis government (1923)
136 Consequent on the gross mismanagement of Sheikh Isa, who had been
ruler of Bahrein since 1869, the Sheikh was deprived by His Majesty s Govern
ment of his control of affairs in Bahrein on 26th May, 1923, and was granted an
allowance, his son, Sheikh Hamad (whose right of succession had been recognised
by His Majesty’s Government in 1901) being appointed to act for him ’ as his
father’s fully empowered agent.”
Oil concession granted by Sheikh, 1925
137. In 1925 an oil concession was granted by the Sheikh of Bahrein to tihe
Eastern and General Syndicate, a British corporation, with the approval of His
Majesty’s Government.
Aitch., XI,
No. vii, 227-9.
26.11.1927.
P. 5559/27.
P. 322/28.
Undertakings secured from Ibn Sand- in Treaty of Jedda, 1927. Persian Protest
138. The Treaty of Jedda, concluded on 20tih May, 1927, between His
Majesty’s Government and Ibn Sand, the ruler of Saudi Arabia, in substitution
for the Treaty of 1915 (paragraph 133 above), provided inter alia that £ His
Majesty the King of the Hedjaz and of Nejd and its Dependencies should
cc maintain friendly and peaceful relations witn the territories of • • • ■ Bahrein
and. with the Sheikhs of Qatar and the Oman Coast who are in special treaty
relations with His Britannic Majesty’s Government." Consequent thereon, a
strong protest was received on 26th November, 1927, from the Persian Govern
ment, copies of which were despatched to the League of Nations. The Persian
protest was based essentially on the recognition stated to have been accorded to
Persian sovereignty over Bahrein in Lord Clarendon’s Note of 29th April, 1869
(paragraph 85 above). A reasoned reply to the Persian Note was despatched by
His Majesty’s Government on 18th January, 1928, and circulated to the League.
While avoiding any definite statement as to their own position in Bahrein or its
basis, His Majesty’s Government in their Note repudiated the Persian claim in
the strongest terms, and intimated tihat no argument such as was suggested could
be based on the communication of 29th April, 1869.
Attitude of Sheikhs to Persian claim (1928)
139. The Sheikhs of Bahrein, on being apprised of the revival of Persia's
claim, gave a letter to the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
, requesting His Majesty’s Govern-
P 1409 / 28 . ment i n accordance with their treaties “to defend Bahrein from outside
interference ” and to act as their agents in rebutting the Persian claims, and
intimating that the Sheikhs proposed to send Sheikh Mohamed, brother of Sheikh
Hamad, the deputy ruler and son of the deposed ruler, Isa, as their representative
in answering the claim should the case be taken to Geneva.
About this item
- Content
The file concerns the claim of the Government of Iran (generally referred to as the Government of Persia) to territorial sovereignty over Bahrein [Bahrain].
The papers include: the Iranian claim in the light of the Bahrain oil concession; representations by the Government of Iran to the League of Nations, and the involvement of League in the dispute; summary of diplomatic correspondence, 1927-29 (folios 506-511); India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 14 July 1934 - a historical summary of the political status of Bahrain, and Persian claims to sovereignty; the submission of the question by the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. to the Law Officers of the Crown, 1934 (folios 466-472), and the report of the Law Officers of the Crown (folios 400-403), stating their opinion that Persia had no rights of sovereignty or suzerainty over Bahrain; the view of the Foreign Office (subsequently adopted) that references in public pronouncements to the independence of Bahrain needed to be qualified by the statement that the ruler was 'in special treaty relations with His Majesty's Government' (folios 378-380); the status of Tamb and Abu Musa (folio 361); the imposition of Iranian import duty on aviation oil supplied to Bahrain (folios 315-316); the views of the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. on the dangers of submitting the question to international arbitration (folios 308-314); similarities to the dispute between the United States of America (USA) and the Netherlands over Palmas Island [Miangas or Palmas, Indonesia] (e.g. folios 306-307); the views of the Government of Saudi Arabia (folios 268-270); the issue of passports and visas; transcripts of articles in support of the Iranian position in the Iranian and Arabic language press; the effect of the Bahrain nationality and property laws; Italian propaganda in support of the Iranian claim (folio 243); comparison with the Falkland Islands (folio 210); the refusal of the Iranian postal authorities to accept mails from Bahrain (folio 186); the involvement of the United Nations Organisation; Foreign Office 'Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 13 January 1947, substantially based on the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein' of 1934 (folios 97-126); Soviet propaganda over Bahrain (folio 57); the presence in Tehran of a person claiming to represent the Bahrain National Party (folios 50-54); and correspondence dated 1948 concerning the size and position of the Persian community in Bahrain, including a letter on the subject from Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (folios 25-37).
The file contains significant correspondence from the Foreign Office, HM Minister, Tehran (later the British Ambassador to Tehran), and the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
The French language content of the file consists of approximately thirty folios of diplomatic correspondence and newspaper extracts.
The file also contains copies of earlier correspondence, dated 1927-31.
The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 file in 3 parts (519 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: this file consists of three physical parts. The foliation sequence commences at the front cover of part one with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover of part three with 525; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-524; these numbers are printed, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain' [111v] (227/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3810, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100059426984.0x000028> [accessed 30 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/3810
- Title
- Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:29v, 38r:50v, 53r:117v, 118v, 121v:122v, 126r:149v, 152r:166v, 169v:177v, back-i, front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 180r:197v, 199r:209v, 210v, 211v:221v, 223r:227v, 230r:231v, 233v:234v, 235v, 235r, 236r:238v, 240r:240v, 242r:245v, 247r:248v, 250r:251v, 255r:257v, 262r:272v, 274r:276v, 280r:280v, 282v:294v, 295v:345v, 348r:350v, back-i, front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 353r:374v, 378r:394v, 396r:424v, 427r:427v, 428v, 431v:433v, 440r:443v, 445r:446v, 448r:450v, 452r:454v, 457r:494r, 496r:501v, 509v:513v, 515r:518v, 520r:524v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence