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The Southern Boundary of Qatar and the Connected Problems. Report by J G Laithwaite dated 26 Jan 1934 and Appendix dated 27 Feb 1934 [2r] (3/10)
The record is made up of 1 volume (5 folios). It was created in 26 Jan 1934-27 Feb 1934. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
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3
shown on FrciS6r -Hiint6r's injip, stands by itsBlf, tis such 3,11 aircin^GinGnt \\cis tic\ti
apparently recorderl m writing by the two parties or officially confirmed. Such a
line would, of course, he c^mte inconsistent with the maintenance of the blue line.
It would equally give a very substantial extension to the boundaries of Qatar an
extension of much more practical importance now than m 1922, when t.heie ^as no
question of active exploitation of the hinterland, and our concern vyas chiefly to
maintain the independence of the sheikhdoms of the Arab littoral against Tbn Sand.
The statement is, no doubt, an alternative version of Sir P. Cox's warning to Ibn Saud
as to the eastern boundary of any concession to be granted by him in respect of Hasa
discussed in the preceding paragraph, of which an authoritative record based on
personal knowledge is given in Colonel Dickson's letter of 4th July 1933, Ko. 143.
l.P.C. Map of February-March 1933.
8. The map compiled by the l.P.C. geologists during their survey in Qatar in
February-March 1933 marks a southern boundary line starting on the sea-coast
immediately south of Jabul-el-Naksh about 10 miles north of Salwa town and
12 miles north of the head of Dohat-as-Salwa Bay, turning abruptly to the south-
south -east immediately south-east of Jabul-el-Naksh for a distance of some 12 miles
to Qalat-ali-Bin-Said, and thence running due east, leaving Tuair-al-Hamir on its
left, through the
Wadi
A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows.
-al-Ghurban to the sea, which it apparently reaches at a point
some 8 miles north of the outlet of the Khor-al-'Odeid inlet and not very far into the
Naqiyan Sandhills,
The A.P.O.C., in communicating a copy of this map, remarked : " The dotted line P.Z. 456/34.
boundary to the south of Qatar is apparently the Sheikh's version of the line. The
l.P.C. report, however, is not definite about this.'
The A.P.O.C. have since reported that, according to one member (Haji A. F.
Williamson) of the geological party which visited Qatar in February and March
1933, the southern boundary shown on their map was indicated by the Sheikh
himself. If the line in fact represents his view, the boundary, as will be seen, will
correspond very closely to the pre-war line recorded by Lorimer.
Conclusions as to the Southern Boundary of Qatar.
9. It is suggested, in the light of the evidence collected above —
(а) that the south-eastern boundary of Qatar must lie to the north of the
Khor-al-'Odeid and the district of 'Aqal ;
(б) that while His Majesty's (government had at no stage formally recognised
any specific southern boundary to Qatar (save to the extent referred to in
(a)), such evidence as is available goes to show that the pre-war
boundary ran roughly south-east across the base of the Peninsula, from
Dohat-as-Salwa, or a point slightly north of it, to a point north of the
Khor-al-'Odeid. There is no recorded evidence of any more extensive
claims by the Sheikh of Qatar other than those to Abu Dhabi territory
referred to in paragraph 2 above ;
(c) in the light of the above, that, if it proves that the Sheikh of Qatar now
regards the line shown on the l.P.C. map as his southern boundary,
this may be accepted by His Majesty's Government as generally
satisfactory. Acceptance of that line, if we continue to regard the blue
line of the 1913 Convention as the eastern boundary of Ibn Saud's
territories (or even if we were to agree to the attribution of the Barr-al
Qarah district lying east of the blue line to Hasa (see paragraph 18
below)), will admittedly leave an area of undetermined ownership between
Qatar and Nejd. The problems involved in this are discussed in greater
detail in paragraphs 10 and following. If, however, His Majesty's
Government are prepared to face them, the boundary in question has the
merits that it is consistent with the obligations we have undertaken to
Abu Dhabi; it is equally consistent with the maintenance of the blue
line of the 1913 Convention as against Ibn Saud (or with such a modifi
cation of that line as is referred to in paragraph 19 (c) (i) below; and it
has the advantage of definitely limiting the area of any commitments in
respect of protection, &c., into which His Majesty's Government may think
it desirable to enter in the event of an oil concession being granted by the
Sheikh.
About this item
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A report concerning the demarcation of Qatar's southern boundary written by India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. representative, J G Laithwaite. The report (folios 1-4) is divided up into the following short sections:
- The Boundary on the South-East;
- The Boundary on the South-West;
- The Position Prior to the Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913;
- The Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913;
- Line Indicated in 1922 by Sir Percy Cox to Ibn Saud and Major Holmes as the Eastern Limit of any Oil Concession in Respect of Hasa [Al Hasa];
- I.P.C Map of February-March 1933;
- Conclusions as to the Southern Boundary of Qatar;
- Position of Area lying between Base of Qatar Peninsula and Blue Line of Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913;
- Importance of Maintaining the Blue Line;
- Disadvantages of Maintenance of the Blue Line while Fixing Southern Boundary of Qatar at the Base of the Qatar Peninsula;
- Nature and Political Conditions of the Indeterminate Area;
- The Barr-Al-Qarah District;
- Conclusions.
An appendix entitled Boundaries of Qatar follows the report on folios 4-5. The appendix is divided up as follows:
I) Extracts from Lorimer's Gazetteer.
II) Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913 (Unratified).
III) Mr. Philby's Journey of 1932.
IV) Note of Discussion with Sir Percy Cox on 20th February 1934 on Question of Boundaries of Qatar.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (5 folios)
- Arrangement
The main body of the report is followed by an appendix.
- Physical characteristics
Condition: One stapled booklet.
Foliation: The file's foliation sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. This is the sequence which has been used by this catalogue to reference items within the volume.
Pagination: An original typed pagination sequence is also present in the file.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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The Southern Boundary of Qatar and the Connected Problems. Report by J G Laithwaite dated 26 Jan 1934 and Appendix dated 27 Feb 1934 [2r] (3/10), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B430, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023252863.0x000004> [accessed 12 May 2024]
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B430
- Title
- The Southern Boundary of Qatar and the Connected Problems. Report by J G Laithwaite dated 26 Jan 1934 and Appendix dated 27 Feb 1934
- Pages
- 1r:5v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence