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'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [80r] (176/224)
The record is made up of 1 volume (98 folios). It was created in 30 Dec 1921-27 Jul 1924. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
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DU
7
We lieard some time ago that the people of Bahrain with their Chief Shaikh
Isa at their head had submitted their grievances to the Viceroy of India, which
report is now confirmed by what conversation we had with some respectable men
of Bahrain and they were very anxiously awaiting a repll^ to the said representation
hazarding their conjectures simultaneously in various ways.
We cannot but suggest to the benign British Government that the investiga
tions into the affairs of Bahrain should not terminate in asking report from the
antagonists only, when it is evident that they, possessing powers, can with threats
and inducements, rally false witnesses who may give evidence innocently with good
intentions in their own opinions. For this only reason we entreat the Government
to investigate into the case of Bahrain directly and under their immediate supervisioru
What a crucification of justice and humanity would it be should the Government,
Owing to their other encumbrances, postpone the trial of the case of the helpless,
melancholy and persecuted people of Bahrain indefinitely ; Bahrain to-day is rolling
in the lowest abyss of misery and disdain, awaiting rescue at the hands of the wisest
judge. His Excellency Lord Reading, the Viceroy of India. Will he disappoint
them ? Most probably not; but if he did, which God forbid : and Bahrain became
the scene of action of the helpless desperates, then very likely it will be said that'
the people of Bahrain were fanatics and intolerant towards the people following
other religions.
We do not intend here to repeat our obligations done to Great Britain by our
treatment of her in season and out of season for we do not seek for a favour in return,-
nay we ask for justice and justice only. We ask her to treat us according to the
pledge she herself had drafted and approved of.
We are aware that some individuals of the minor " Shia " community at
Bahrain have abandoned their self-respect and are seelHng af fcer their selfish motives.
Hence Major Delly (Daly) can easily make them tools in getting statements written
by them as may satisfy his' desire. But will the lovers of justice esteem it chival
rous and honourable to take advantage of such a religious discord ^ By God, stoop
ing to such ignoble measures is a stigma on the forehead of humanity and a stain
of disgrace on the face of civilization.-
Yours, etc.,
" L
Enclosure No. 2.—Copy of a confidential memorandum from the Political
Agent, Bahrain, to the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
, Ino.
ilO-C., dated the 14th May 1924.
I bfeg to forward herewith an article which has appeared in the "Bombay Ch^oni-
ele" It is without doubt inspired, if not actually written, by the deportee Abdul
Wahab Zayani, who, some months ago contributed a similar letter to this pap .
The grievance^'which he now sets forth aie interestingi
m The aerodrome.—At the Ruler's (Shaikh Hamad) request the aerodrome
was made in Place of one which Shaikh Isa had agreed to and made, some years
Wk It was made because the Shaikh wanted to use the old aerodrome as a build-
back It t j su p erv i S ed the work in order that it might be carried out
ngsi . - _ | I, n v j C e 0 f an Air Force' Officer who selected the site to which
m accordance with the pli ed bv the Shaikh's order from various
Shaikh Hama agree . e an d fed at the expense of the Shaikh's
Surround .mg villages.' ^ ^ ^ more work should
Government They have ^ i Shaikh Isa was not consulted as all
it be required, but no more isnecessaiv.
such matters are now dealt with by ai •
(9\ Boat Tax—An initial registration fee of Rs. 5 for all boats except sma
(^) Boat lax. - i w H ip ShTikh 's Government. Renewals cost Kb. 2
fishing boats, has been collected b} the biiaikn s ^pvenime
annually! / r ^ i. -u
^ v r -p' 900 t? a ioo and Rs. 75 according to size of boat have
Pearling licenses of Rs. -00, . . • ^ p ear iimT This tax amounts
similarly been issued for boats ac ua Oatar or Oatif " It is now collected
to less than half the tax cbl ected f ' c ol cted from Shiah.
from all classes whereas, in toe past a much lieavuer tax
\
About this item
- Content
The volume contains printed copies of Government of India confidential correspondence, relating to the Bahrain reforms. The majority of the letters contained in volume are printed copies of correspondence originally sent to the Government of India either by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Trevor or Acting Resident Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart Knox), or the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Major Clive Daly). Much of the correspondence featured in the volume can be found in the original (or as office copies) in a number of files in the two Bahrain Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. subsubseries ‘File 9 Bahrain Reforms’ (IOR/R/15/2/127-138) and ‘File 8 Miscellaneous’ (IOR/R/15/2/121-126), and the Bushire Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. subsubseries ‘File 19 Bahrain’ (IOR/R/15/1/314-77).
The printed correspondence contained in the volume covers a range of subjects:
- Events leading up to the programme of reforms carried out in Bahrain: allegations of the oppression of Bahraini subjects by members of the Āl Khalīfah family, violence, the deteriorating economic situation;
- The reforms proposed and implemented by British officials: replacement of Shaikh ‘Īsá by Shaikh Ḥamad as defacto ruler, economic reforms, judicial reforms, pearl diving industry reforms, customs house reforms;
- Specific incidents of violence involving Sunnis and Shias, or Najdis and Persians.
Some of the papers in the volume are accompanied by duplicate copies:
- Folios 61-64 are duplicates of folios 57-60;
- Folios 68-69 are duplicates of folios 66-67;
- Folios 81-84 are duplicates of folios 77-80.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (98 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume's contents are arranged in approximate chronological order, starting with the earliest items at the front and finishing with the latest items at the end.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using uncircled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . Most of the items in the volume are printed items that have their own internal pagination systems, using printed numbers in the top-right corners of recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages and the top-left corners of verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. pages, or centred at the top of both verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. and recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/131
- Title
- 'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain'
- Pages
- 79v:80r, 83v:84r
- Author
- The Bombay Chronicle
- Usage terms
- Public Domain