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'Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part I. Historical and Political Materials. Précis of Nejd Affairs, 1804-1904' [21] (29/68)
The record is made up of 1 volume (34 folios). It was created in 1904. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
21
81. In the views thus expressed by Colonel Pelly as to the course which
Goverumeat letter No. 1360, dated the 3rd June Our Treaty obligation S cind SOUnd. policy
1S65 - indicated, the Bombay Government gene
rally concurred, but it seemed premature to decide on any definite course of
action until the British had heard what the Wahabi Amir had to say. Mean
while the officer in charge of the
Residency
An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India.
in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
(Colonel Pelly
having proceeded to Enrope) and the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
at Masqat, were informed
that it was exceedingly desirable that these differences should be adjusted by
their good offices without hostilities commencing between Maskat and the
Wahabi Amir.
82. These proceedings having been reported to the Government of India, Mr.
Secretary Muir replied on the 21st June 1865, that the Viceroy in Council
11 concurred in the views and approved the action of the Bombay Government."
XXIV.—Rebellion of two Oman tribes nnder leadership of a Wahabi
officer. (2) Outrages on British subjects at Sur, 1865-
83. Shortly afterwards the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
at Maskat brought to notice
„ , J , that a Wahabi Agent had arrived at that
Assistant Resident, Busbire, No, 34, dated 23rd , .. u , j n , i i. £
July 1865. place with demands for the payment of
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, Maskat, No. isa, dated the 4th three or four times the customary annual
August is6o. contribution, and that on his recommen
dation, His Highness Syud Thoweyni had sent a messenger with a letter to
the Wahabi Amir, informing him that he had paid the usual annual contribu
tion, but as regards additional demands he awaited the Amir's reply to Colonel
Pelly's communication offering to mediate, and to the letter enclosed from him
self (the Sultan).
84. This was followed by a letter from the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, dated the 22nd
August, reporting that the Beni-bu-ali and Jenubah tribes had, under the
leadership of Abdul Aziz Wahabi. invested the castle of Sur, and on the
refusal of the garrison to surrender laid siege to it. Resistance was successfully
offered by the Maskat troops for two days, but on the night of the third day
the besiegers succeeded in undermining the walls of the bazar adjoining the
castle, and effected an entry, when the entire wealth of the place, the greater
part of which belonged to British Indian subjects, fell into their hands. During
the assault one British subject was killed, whose remains were denied the rites
of burial, and another w T as wounded. The castle subsequently surrendered.
After suffering much hardship and indignity, and being stript of nearly all
their clothing, the British Indian subjects were permitted to leave Sur and
proceed to Maskat. They represented their losses to the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
at
27,000 dollars.
85. On receiving intelligence of these occurrences the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
addressed the Sultan of Maskat, exhorting him to take " active and determined
measures, tempered with clemency in its place and season," to bring the rebels
to submission. He at the same time addressed the Wahabi Amir, and also
bis deputy Sudeyri at Brymi, protesting in the name of the British Govern
ment at the proceedings ofTheir subordinate Abdul Aziz at Sur.
86. In forwarding to the Government of India a copy of the correspondence
relating to these events. His Excellency the Governor in accordance with the
* Letter from Mr. Secretary Muir, No. 809, dated request of the Governor-General in Council
the 20th September 186,s. (previously* comnrjjnicated) proceeded
to record his views on the attitude proper to be observed by the British Govern
ment in the position of affairs in Oman.
87. After reviewing briefly the events connected with the rise of the
Wahabi power, and its temporary subversion by Ibrahim
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
, His Excel
lency wrote:—
" There can be no doubt that the Wahabis have of late shown a considerable revival
Minute by His Excellency the Governor, concurred of their former activity, both as an aggressive
E by the Honorable Board, dated the 9th October temporal power in the interior of Arabia, and as
1865 * leaders of fanatical revival in India."
About this item
- Content
The volume, stamped ‘Secret’ on the front cover and frontispiece, is part 1 (historical and political materials) of a précis of Najd (spelt Nejd throughout) affairs for the years 1896-1904. It was prepared by Jerome Antony Saldanha of the Bombay Provincial Civil Service, and published in 1904 by the Government of India Foreign Department, Simla, India.
The volume includes a preface (folio 3) and list of contents (folio 4). The sections listed in the contents run as follows:
- I: Rise of the Wahabis under Abdul Wahab [‘Abd al-Wahhāb] ante1740;
- II: Political History of Nejd ante 1800 to 1804;
- III: Genealogy of the Wahabi Amirs;
- IV: First encroachments of the Wahabis on Oman,, 1804-1808;
- V: (1) Joasami [Āl Qāsimī One of the ruling families of the United Arab Emirates; also used to refer to a confederation of seafaring Arabs led by the Qāsimī tribe from Ras al Khaima. ] pirates under Wahabi influence first venture into the Indian Seas. (2) Expedition against Joasamis and Wahabis, 1808-1809;
- VI: First Egyptian Invasion of Nejd, 1814-1819;
- VII: Resurrection of the Wahabis and Reconstitution of the Wahabi Kingdom, 1824-1831;
- VIII: Wahabi overtures to British Government, 1831;
- IX: (1) Wahabi Invasion of Oman, 1833. (2) Views of the Government of India as to the claims of Maskat [Muscat] on the British Government;
- X: (1) Turki [Turkī] murdered by Meshari [Mashārī]. (2) Meshari executed by Feysal [Fayṣal]. (3) Feysal assumes Kingdom;
- XI: (1) Second Egyptian Invasion of Nejd. (2) Egyptian withdrawal under British pressure;
- XII: Government of Khalid [Khālid] as Turkish viceregent;
- XIII: (1) Abdullah bin Saneyan [‘Abdullāh bin Thānīyān] seizes the kingdom. (2) Feysal returns from exile;
- XIV: (1) Oman again threatened by the Wahabis. (2) British policy;
- XV: Wahabi attempt on Bahrein [Bahrain]
- XVI: Invasion of Oman by Abdullah, son of Feysal (2) Treaty between Maskat and Wahabis;
- XVII: Feysal's nominal dependence upon Turkey, 1855;
- XVIII: (1) Renewal of Wahabi attempt on Bahrein. (2) British interference, 1859;
- XIX: (1) Blockade of Wahabi ports by Chief of Bahrein, 1861. (2) Blockade raised on British interference;
- XX: Turkish protest against British proceedings;
- XXI: Differences between Sultan of Maskat and Amir of Nejd, 1864-65;
- XXII: Visit of Colonel [Lewis] Pelly to Riadh [Riyadh], 1865;
- XXIII: Difference between Sultan of Maskat and Amir of Nejd (continued), 1864-1865;
- XXIV: (1) Rebellion of two Oman tribes under leadership of Wahabi Officer. (2) Outrage of British subjects;
- XXV: British operations against the Wahabis, 1865-66;
- XXVI: The Amir of Nejd comes to terms, 1866;
- XXVII: Deputation of a Wahabi envoy to Baghdad, 1866;
- XXVIII: Wahabi advances to Beraymi [al-Buraymī];
- XXIX: Civil War between Abdullah and Saud [Sa‘ūd], his brother. (2) Turkish expedition into Nejd to assist Abdullah, 1870-71;
- XXX: Saud bin Feysal's appeal to the Resident for arbitration of the British Government, 1871-1873;
- XXXI: Saud's negotiations with the Turks, 1872;
- XXXII: First Mission of Haji Ahmed [Ḥājjī Aḥmad] to Baghdad, 1872;
- XXXIII: Second Mission of Haji Ahmed to Baghdad, 1872;
- XXXIV: Visit of Abdullah messenger to Baghdad, 1872-1873;
- XXXV: Release of Abdur Rahman [‘Abd al-Raḥmān];
- XXXVI: Death of Saud bin Faysal [Sa‘ūd bin Fayṣal] and election of Abdul Rahman as Amir, 1875;
- XXXVII: Abdullah bin Feysal [‘Abdullāh bin Fayṣal] defeats Abdur Rahman, 1875-80;
- XXXVIII: Threatened Revolt of the Montefik Arabs [al-Muntafiq], 1880;
- XXXIX: Sheikh Abdullah bin Thanneyan, 1879-1880;
- XL: State of affairs in 1881;
- XLI: Rise of the Shammar principality, 1835-1882;
- XLII: Genealogy of Shammar Chiefs;
- XLIII: Hostilities between Abdullah bin Feysal and Ibn Rashid [Ibn Rashīd];
- XLIV: Imprisonment of Abdullah bin Feysal and absorption of the Wahabi Kingdom in the Shammar principality, 1887-1896;
- XLV: Complications with Koweit, 1897-1904.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (34 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is arranged divided into forty five (identified by Roman numerals). There are paragraph numbers that are continuous throughout the whole volume, beginning on 1 at the start of the first section, and ending on 230 in the final section. A contents page appears at the front of the volume (folio 4).
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/C240
- Title
- 'Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part I. Historical and Political Materials. Précis of Nejd Affairs, 1804-1904'
- Pages
- front, front-i, i-r:ii-v, 1:2, 1:12, 14:15, 17:37, 39:56, iii-r:iii-v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence