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The record is made up of 1 volume (76 folios). It was created in Feb 1919. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
08
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
[No. 92
Situation.
Killu
Kevbeln
Murdin
Xejef
Est imated
Population.
Communications. Industries, &o.
Erbil
(con/inuetf)
(^n tlie Uillii
branch of the
Euphrates, 11
miles below
the bifurca
tion at Hindio
About 30,000,
mostly Sbiah
Arabs
On the 11 nsc-
iniyeh Canal,
20 miles west
of the IIindie
branch of
the Euph
rates, on the
edge of the
Svrian desert
About £0 miles
south •south-
cast of Diar-
bckr
About 7 miles
south by west
of Kufeh on
Lower Eupb-
rates
About 50,000
(f Persian,
tbcrest Shiah
Arabs)
(A) Mosul.
Rowanduj;
2. Projected ter-
m i n u s of
branch line
of Baghdad
Rail way from
Mosul
1. Land routes to
Baghdad and
up and down
the river
2. River E u-
plirates
3. Telegraph and
Post-office
1.Routes to
Hilla, Bagh
dad and Nejef
2. Post-office and
Telegraph
About 30,000 Routes to Diar-
Kurds,Arabs, bekr, Xisibin,
Armenians, &c.
and Jacobites
Over 30,000 Routes to
(f Arabs, re
mainder Per
sians) ; all
Shiah Mo. !
hammedans
Ker-
bela and Hilla
for Baghdad,
and to Basra
Horse tramway
to Kufeh
Post office and
Telegraph
Santa wa
On the Euph
rates, 71 miles
by riverabove
!Na s nc
About 10,000 I. River K u-
Arabs ph rates
2. Land routes to
Hilla, Ncjef
ley, rice and
fruit; export to
Baghdad rin flic
Tigris.
Wlicat, barley,
rice,and animals
of all kinds.
Large bazaar,
120 grain stores.
Manufacture of
saddles.
A centre of pil
grimage for
Shiah Moslems.
Imports, piece-
goods, carpets,
candles, spices,
coffee, and tea.
Exports, dates,
hides, wool ami
consecrat ed ar
ticles.
Agriculture;
wheat, barley,
sesame, rice,
regelables, tome
cotton and wool
weaving.
The tomb of Ali
is the richest and
most splendid of
the Shiah holy
places, and the
town is a pil
grimage centre
for Shiahs of all
Moslem coun
tries.
Imports,
Chester
sugar,
hardware.
Exports, skins
and wool. Manu
factures, Abas
cloaks.
A centre of the
trade in wheat,
barley, rice, and
vegetables. Skins
M a n -
goods,
spices.
About this item
- Content
This volume is a confidential handbook on Mesopotamia prepared under the direction of the Historical Section of the Foreign Office, dated February 1919. There is a table of contents which includes the following chapters:
- I: 'Geography Physical and Political', including 'Position and Frontiers', 'Surface, Coast and River Systems', 'Climate', 'Sanitary Conditions', 'Race and Language' and 'Population';
- II: 'Political History', including 'Chronological Summary', 'Introduction', 'Early period of Turkish Occupation, 1638-1834', 'Later period of Turkish Occupation, 1834-1914', and 'Commercial Developments';
- III: 'Social and Political Conditions', including 'Religious', 'Political', 'Public Education' and 'General Observations';
- IV: 'Economic Conditions', including 'Means of Communication', 'Industry', 'Commerce', 'Finance' and 'General Remarks'.
There is also an appendix which includes tables of 'Exports to Principal Countries from Baghdad', 'Imports from Principal Countries to Baghdad', 'Principal Exports from Basra' and 'Principal Imports to Basra'. This is followed by a section entitled 'Authorities' which is a bibliography of references used for the preparation of the volume. This section is divided into 'Historical' (including 'Confidential Sources'), 'Economic' ('Official' and 'General') and 'Maps'. There is a pocket at the back of the volume to house maps, but there are no maps present.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (76 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Pagination: The volume contains an original printed pagination sequence.
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'Mesopotamia' [54v] (108/152), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C190, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023514036.0x00006d> [accessed 2 August 2026]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/C190
- Title
- 'Mesopotamia'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:75v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence