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'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.' [&lrm;99v] (199/284)

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'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.' [‎99v] (199/284)

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'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.'

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Ref: IOR/L/PS/18/B199

The record is made up of 1 file (42 folios). It was created in 24 Apr 1913. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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,1
built by Englisli owners, or belonging to tliem 1883 (cont.)
and sailing under the Ottoman Mag.
Musurus Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. was informed of the mistake
arising out of the mention oi Ijieutenant Jj\nch
in the firman A Persian word meaning a royal order or decree issued by a sovereign, used notably in the Ottoman Empire (sometimes written ‘phirmaund’). of August 18il, and, at the same
time, he was asked to state the 1 urkish ease in
To Musurus Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. ,
December 13.
writing.
I M
U . Hi
This he proceeded to do in a note on the
28th December, in which he also denied having
confused the Lieutenant Lynch of August 1841
with the company of the same name subsequently
formed. The Turkish argument is briefly that
the sole right of navigation possessed by the
company is derived from the firmans of ]8'34 and
1841. (See Appendix XX.)
Musurus Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. also forwarded Turkish versions
of the translations of the firmans dated 1834
and 1841. (See Appendix XX, Enclosures 1
and 2.)
Early in the year it was stated in the House of
Commons, in reference to a question relative to
the grant to a Turkish merchant of Bagdad of a
concession for the navigation of the Tigris, that
Her Majesty's Government were desirous that the
Tigris and Euphrates should be opened to naviga
tion by vessels under all flags, but that the
principle of free navigation of rivers established
by the Additional Act of the Treaty »f Vienna
applied only to those flowing through the terri
tories of different States,
In reply to a further question in the House of
Commons, Lord E. Eitzmaurice stated that the
right to navigate the Tigris was not granted by
any firman A Persian word meaning a royal order or decree issued by a sovereign, used notably in the Ottoman Empire (sometimes written ‘phirmaund’). , but had been exercised under an
arrangement obtained by Sir Stratford Canning in
184fi, and confirmed by vizierial letters addressed
to the Yali of Bagdad in 184C, 1861, and
1862.
In March the Turkish Ambassador enquired as
to the reason for the appearance at Bussorah of Her
Majesty's ship <f Eclipse," and was informed that
although, in deference to the wishes of the Porte,
British ships of war did not proceed farther up the
river than Kurna, Her Majesty's Government
were not aware of any regulation precluding such
ships from visiting Bussorah.
Later in the year the Porte again called atten
tion to the presence of a British ship of war at
Bussorah. The explanation given was to the
effect thst the native assistant of the British
resident in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , sent temporarily to
Musarus Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. ,
December 28.
Mr. A. Arnold,
Parliamentary
Question,
February 19.
Mr. A. Arnold,
Parliamentary
Question,
July 12.
To Musurus Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. ,
April 21.
To Musurus Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. ,
September 12.

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Content

Memorandum, written by Richard William Brant and Edward Parkes of the Foreign Office, Apr 1913 regarding navigation on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The memorandum is divided into four parts:

Historical Memorandum respecting the navigation of the Mesopotamian rivers. The memorandum describes the history of British relations with Turkish Arabia A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire. and the progress of their relations in order to determine the rights that Great Britain possesses which allow it to participate in the trade and navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The memorandum covers both the period where rights were acquired by the East India Company (1579-1859) and from 1860s onwards where rights and special privileges were acquired and maintained on behalf of the Tigris and Euphrates Steam Navigation Company (folios 8-66);
British rights by treaty with regard to the navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates, which looks at the rights accrued by Great Britain through treaties with the Ottoman Government and through the Ottoman Empire's treaties with other nations (folios 67-70);
Conclusions, which summarises the conclusions that can be drawn from the information provided in both the historical memorandum and the treaties sections (folios 71-74);
Chronological Table covering the period 1759 to 1912, with annual entries from 1873 onwards (folios 75-119) ;
Annex: Instances where the employment of British steamers in the navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates has been asserted or admitted to be limited by the Firmans of 1834 and 1841;
Appendices: 34 items which are listed on folio 122, and include extracts and copies of Treaties, Firmans, Memorandum, Circulars and other relevant documents covering the period 1718 to 1912.

Extent and format

1 file (42 folios)

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The main foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio (except for the front cover where the folio number is on the verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. ). An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 4-139; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.

Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.

Written in

English in Latin script

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'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.' [‎99v] (199/284), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B199, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023576028.0x0000c8> [accessed 3 May 2024]

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Reference: IOR/L/PS/18/B199
Title: 'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.'
Pages: front, back, front-i, 2r:123r, 124r:125v, 126v:127v, 129r:130r, 133v:137r, 138r:138v, 139v:141v, back-i
Author: East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
Usage terms: Open Government Licence