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'Précis of Mekran Affairs' [‎5] (17/134)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (67 folios). It was created in 1905. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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6
April 14th, —At sixteen miles, Wajbis, a small village with water ; at twenty-six miles,
halted at Korandab, no village but plenty of water and forage : the road this day leads
through a large nullah abounding in forage. The nullah of Beint joins here.
April 15th. —At sixteen miles, Zengin, a small village with water; at twenty-seven
miles, halted at Pashin. Forage and water plenty. The road continues in the same nullah as
yesterday.
April 16th. —Road to nine miles over stony plains to the wells of Balug ; at nineteen
crossed the nullah with water in it; at twenty-six miles, halted at Karwan, on the banks of a
branch of the same nullah. This day's march leads over the plains between the sea and
mountains. The inhabitants reside in temporary huts, which are removed from place to place
for the convenience of forage ; the flocks of camels and sheep being very numerous.
April 17th. —At nine miles, the wells of Kashi in a nullah; at thirty-four miles, the
wells of Suruk; no water on the road between these stations.
April 18^.—At eleven miles, Sudeich, a village with palms and water; at fourteen miles>
a nullah ; at seventeen miles, Malike Chadig, a high mound of stones, marking the boundary
of Mekran ; here the territory of Gaih ends, and that of Jask commences; at twenty-two miles,
Himend, a small village and well; and twenty-nine miles, Gabrig and a nullah, with the wells
sunk in the bed.
April Marched to Jagin, twenty-one miles ; no water on the road, but plenty
from the nullah at the halting place.
April 20th. —At ten miles, a nullah with wells, but the water brackish ; at eighteen miles,
the hills extend to the sea ; at twenty-six miles, Jask, a few palm plantations on the road ;
Jask lies about two miles from the sea, and eight from the hills. The town consists of about
250 huts with a mud-fort, but is now almost deserted, owing to a pestilential fever having
raged here for some months. The Chief has removed his residence to Senk, about eighty
miles off. The water is from wells, and mostly brackish. The country around to some
distance has been cultivated, but is now much neglected. In the last five days' journey over
the plains, a number of spots had been cultivated, but the crops had mostly failed for want of
rain. Forage for horses everywhere abounds.
April 21st. —At seven miles, Bamadi, a small village with palms and wells ; at twenty
miles amongst hills ; at twenty-eight miles, Surks, a cultivated plain with palms and water;
at thirty-three miles, halted at Shirahan, a large village deserted ; water good and in plenty
from wells: the hills in these parts are not so crowded as in Mekran, but admit a free and
good passage between them.
April 22nd. —Halted.
April 23rd- —At seven miles, a nullah with salt water; at ten miles, Go, a small village
with water and cultivation ; at seventeen miles, Bareizg, water bad and scarce; at twenty-five
miles, Sekoe, a large village and fort; at thirty.one miles, Nemudi, a large village and fort;
at thirty-seven miles, Guz, a large village ; at thirty-eight-and-a-half miles, a nullah which,
as rain had fallen in the adjacent hills, had a current of water in it; at about forty-six miles,
Serik, the residence of Mir Haji, Chief of Jask. It contains about 600 huts and a large mud-
fort, and is four miles from the sea, and six from the hills of Buskurd. From Shirahan to
Gero, the country called Beaban, is better inhabited and cultivated than any other in these
parts, and, indeed, on the whole way from J ask the plantations of palm are numerous, and the
wheat harvest had been tolerably abundant. The wells in these parts, though numerous, do not
supply much water, and a number of them are brackish. Forage is scarce near the road, but
abundant on the sands close to the sea-shore. Jask is tributary to the Imaum of Muskat
and pays 2,500 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. yearly : the inhabitants are Beloochis. Quite up to Minab their
language approaches nearer to the Persian than that of the eastern Beloochis, which is more
intermixed with Sind. Their religion likewise changes from the Suni to the Shiah sect.
April 24th. —Halted.
April 25U.—At two miles, Teroe, a small fort and village ; at. six miles, Gero, a large
village and fort, a nullah runs close to it. The dependencies of J ask extend thus far ; at
thirteen miles, hills extend to the sea; at twenty-five miles, Kohistag, a fort built on an
insulated hill on the sea-shore ; the wells are on the beach ; halted at twenty-eight miles
water and forage in plenty. The hills retire from Kohistag behind Minab, and do not
approach the sea again till beyond Bunder Abbas.
April 26th. —At five miles, a salt nullah; at eighteen miles, the cultivated parts of Minab ;
at nineteen miles, Balili, on the banks of the Minab nullah; at twenty-seven miles halted at
Hukmi.
The fort of Minab is situated partly on a hill, is of little or no strength, and is divided
into the upper centre and lower forts ; the town is large and the houses built close to the fort,
in a much more commodious manner than any I have yet met with. The nullah breaks
through the hills and forms a pass from the eastward. It and the cuts made to diffuse its
waters, serve as ditches to the fort; water flows here continually, but is all consumed in
fertilizing the lands, none reaching the sea, although only sixteen miles distant. Tne culti
vated parts of Minab are about forty-five miles in circumference, abounding in palms. This
district likewise supplies grain to most of the neighbouring country; its villages are
numerous, each having a small fort for the inhabitants to retire to in case of unexpected
4626 F. D.

About this item

Content

The volume, stamped ‘Secret’ on the front cover and frontispiece, is a précis of affairs relating to Makrān (spelt Mekran throughout) coast in the south of Sindh and Baluchistan. It was prepared by Judge Jerome Antony Saldanha of the Bombay Provincial Civil Service, and published in 1905 by the Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, in Calcutta.

The volume includes a preface (folio 4) and list of contents (folios 5-6). The volume is divided into chapters and sections as follows:

  • Chapter 1: Our early connection with Mekran: (I) Jask, our port of trade with Persia from 1615 to 1622, (II) Captain Grant's mission to Mekran, 1809;
  • Chapter 2: Telegraph and Mekran: Persian pretensions: (I) Reverend Mr Badger's reports, 1861, (II) Proposed negotiations with Persia and Mekran Chiefs: completion of the telegraph, (III) Proposed lease or purchase of Gwadur [Gwādar], (IV) Obstruction of the Persian Governor to the progress of the telegraph line - claims of Persia to Gwadur and Charbar [Chābahār], (V) Colonel Goldsmid's report of December 1863 in regard to Persian claims in Mekran, (VI) Colonel Goldsmid's first report of 1864, (VII) Colonel Goldsmid's second report of 1864, (VIII) Colonel Goldsmid's third report of 1864;
  • Chapter 3: Agreements with Maskat in regard to telegraphic extension to Bunder Abbas [Bandar ‘Abbās] 1864-65. Colonel Pelly's report on the country from Bunder Abbas to Jask [Jāsk];
  • Chapter 4: Negotiations with Persia for telegraphic extension westward from Gwadur, 1865-68. Telegraphic Convention of 1868.
  • Chapter 5: Captain Ross's reports about Mekran, 1867-68;
  • Chapter 6: Arrangements with local Chiefs as regards the telegraph undersettled state of the country;
  • Chapter 7: Perso-Baluchistan boundary dispute settled by a Commision, 1870-72: (I) Persian agreement to demarcate the boundary line by a mixed Commission, 1870, (II) Proceedings of the Commissioners, (III) The Persian Government accepts the line sketched out by General Goldsmid;
  • Chapter 8: Telegraph and Persian Baluchistan Chiefs. Internal Disturbances and changes, 1869-95: (I) The Persian Baluchistan Chiefs (including a genealogical table), (II) Disturbances at Jask, 1873, (III) Relations between the various Chiefs, 1883, (IV) Thefts of the telegraph lines in Geh territory, 1883, (V) Certain changes in Chiefs in 1883-84. Death of Sartip Ibrahim Khan [Sartīp Ibrāhīm Khān], 1883-84, (VI) Abul Fath Khan [‘Abd al-Fatḥ Khān], Governor of Bampur [Bampūr], 1886-89, (VII) Rising in Persian Baluchistan, 1889, (VIII) Arrest of several Baluchi Chiefs, 1891, (IX) Internal Affairs from 1891 to 1895. Death of Mir Abdul Nabi [Mīr ‘Abd al-Nabī] of Jask, 1894;
  • Chapter 9: Jask Telegraph Station: (I) The detachment of Jask, (II) British control and jurisdiction within the station, 1869, (III) Interference of Persian officials within Jask station limits. Removal of the detachment and agreement about Jask station, 1886-87, (IV) Alleged Persian interference within the Jask station, 1889;
  • Chapter 10: Protection of British subjects in Persian Baluchistan: (I) Plunder of British Indians by Sardar Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Hossein Khan [ Sardār Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Ḥusayn Khān], appointed Governor of Charbar and Dashtyari [Dashtyārī] in place of Din Mahomed [Dīn Muḥammad], (II) Murder of a British Indian subject at Baku, 1882, (III) Plunder of Hindu traders of Dizzak and Geh, 1884, (IV) Seizure at Charbar of Doshambi, sailor of a British Indian vessel. Arrangements for his release, (V) Dharmu Mulchand's case, 1889-89;
  • Chapter 11: Rising of Baluchi Chiefs. Anarchy in Persian Mekran. Murder of Mr Graves. British detachments stationed at Jask and Charbar. British policy, 1897-98: (I) Rising of Baluchi tribes, (II) Murder of Mr Graves and measures taken to trace and punish the murderers, December 1897 - January 1898, (III) Detachment sent to Jask and Charbar, January 1898, (IV) Unauthorised action of Commander Baker of the Sphinx in landing a force at Gulag and proceeding with it to Rapch, February 1898, (V) Operations against the insurgent and punishment of the murderers, (VI) Indemnity of the murder of Mr Graves, (VII) Rewards to Persian officers for services rendered in Mr Graves's murder case, 1898-99;
  • Chapter 12: Changes in payment of telegraph subsidy. Settlement of outstanding claims of the British Indian subjects against Perso-Baluch Chiefs. Arrest of the remaining two murderers of Mr Graves. Detachment at Jask and Charbar. Deaths of several Chiefs, 1899.
  • Chapter 13: State of the districts through which the telegraph line passes from Gwettur to Jask, 1909-04;
  • Chapter 14: Gwadur and Charbar affairs: (I) Early history of Gwadur and Charbar, (II) Azan bin Ghias [‘Azzān bin Qays]'s attempts to take Gwadur and Charbar, 1869-70, (III) Seyyid Turki [Sayyid Turkī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd]'s rights to Charbar, (IV) Persian pretensions to Gwadur and Charbar. Demarcation of boundary line between Khelat [Kelāt] and Persia. Capture of Charbar by the Persians, (V) Question of rendition of Gwadur to the Khan of Khelat, (VI) Reported intention of the Russian Government to place an agent in charge of the Customs at Gwadur;
  • Chapter 14: British Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. in Mekran.

There is one appendix on folio 63, which is a report by Edward Charles Ross, Assistant Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Muscat and Khelat, dated 31 January 1886, entitled 'Report on the nature of the Trade at Gwadur and the probably amount of its Revenues'. This relates to Chapter 5 where the report is discussed.

Extent and format
1 volume (67 folios)
Arrangement

The contents of the précis are arranged in rough chronological order, and organised under a number of chapters and section headings, with each paragraph numbered from 1 to 331. There is one appendix (folios 63-64). There is a list of contents at the front of the volume (folios 5-6) which lists the chapters and sections with their corresponding paragraph numbers.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.

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'Précis of Mekran Affairs' [‎5] (17/134), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C244, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023666273.0x000013> [accessed 16 May 2024]

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