'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎315] (384/905)

CHAP. XIV.] BlGHAtl AND ANCIENT MYSIA. 315
Bighah, the next A'yanlik, occupies the north-western Rivers of
extremity of the peninsula, having Kara-si on the south, Bighah -
Khodavendi-kar on the east, the Sea of Marmora on the
north, the Dardanelles and the Mediterranean on the north
west and west. It is intersected by the Kaz Tagh (Mount
Ida), an offset from Mount Olympus, which runs north-west,
having inferior groups to the eastward and westward; and it
is watered by several remarkable streams, springing from the
slopes of this range. On the eastern side are the rivers
^Esepus, Granicus, and Rhodius. The first, under the name
of the Boklu, or Sataldere, takes an eastern course from the
loot of Mount Ida, and afterwards flows northward to the
shores of Marmora, west of Cyzicus. The second, also called
Ostrola, has two sources 1 in the same quarter ; its estuary is
a few miles westward of the Boklu-su; and the third, or
Madem Tschaldar, flows from the northern slopes of Mount
Ida to the Dardanelles, at the town of Charnak-Kareh-si.
On the western side of the Kaz Tagh the Ghuimbruck-su
has its springs near Saliklar, from whence it winds westward
by the temple of the same name; after passing near Ilium
Novum, it turns northward, and terminates in the Dar
danelles.
The interior of Bighah presents an undulating surface, its ancient
covered with olives, plane-trees, walnuts, &c., besides an cltie8 '
underwood of laurel, myrtle, arbutus, and an abundance of
the valonia oak. In addition to the pashalik of the Dar
danelles, this A'yanlik contains the towns of Kapouda-keui,
Bunarbashi, and Bighah, the seat of the local government; it
includes the pashalik of the Dardanelles, and, together with
the preceding district of Kara-si, it very nearly represents the
Mysia of the ancients. The sites still to be traced in the
northern part of the country are Antaki (Cyzicus), 2 Kara-
buga (Priapus), Lampsaki (Lampsacus), 3 and Pergamos, once
1 The western appears to be the Granicus; and, according to Demetrius,
the eastern may be the Rhesus (Rhoeste).—Strabo, lib. XII., p. 602. Herod.,
lib. XIL, c. xvii.
2 Once Arctonnesus.—Pliny, lib. V., c. xxxii.
8 Formerly called Pityusa, from its numerous pines.—Ibid.
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