'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎323] (392/905)

CHAP. XIV.] NKLEA AND NICOMEDIA.
323
underwood of arbutus, broom, and flowering acacia, not un-
frequently clothes the sides of the lakes, inlets, and valleys.
The ancient sites which have been examined eats ward of Tium,Heia-
the Sakarlyah, in Maryandyni, are Tium, which, near the small clea ' &C "
port of Filiyas, has a temple, an amphitheatre, a palace, and
some sarcophagi; and the A'yanlik of Hisar-Anlu; 1 also
Heraclea Pontica, where are the remains of a Roman temple,
an acropolis, and a mole with extensive walls. This site
is partly occupied by Harakli (Band Eregli), a modern town
of 1500 souls, situated a little way eastward of the Kilij, or
Lycus river. 2 Towards the interior are Duseprum, or Duzchah,
a village having some Byzantine remains ; Prusa-ad-Hypium,
near the town of Uskub, with some Pelasgian architecture;
Latania, now Khandak ; and, lastly, Hadrianopolis, near
which is Boli, the chief town of the district. This place
contains about 4000 inhabitants, and is built on the slope
of a hill overlooking a fertile plain covered with villages and
cultivation. 3
Near the western bank of the Sakariyah are Agrilium, now Agriiium,
Vezir Khan; Leucae, at the neat town of Lefke, which is eucae '
situated in the middle of a beautiful valley between the Gallus
branch and the Sakariyah; and Sophon (now Sabanjah), a town
of 200 houses, built upon the edge of the lake, amidst inviting
forest scenery. In the interior, towards the S.S.W., and on
the eastern borders of Lake Ascania, are the extensive walls,
gates, and still perfect battlements of Nicsea; within which
are the remains of temples, with some inscriptions belonging
to the Grecian city; and also the, present village of Isnik,
amidst the ruins of mosques and baths belonging to the
Turkish city.
Five hours northward is ancient Nicomedia, now Isnikmld, Nicomedia.
or Ismid, a town containing about 30,000 inhabitants, with a
dock-yard. It is prettily situated at the head of the gulf bear
ing the same name, in which are reflected the verdant acclivities
1 Mr. Ainsworth's Journey to Angora; Vol. IX. p. 231, of the Royal
Geographical Journal.
2 Ibid., pp. 224, 225.
3 Sestini's Journey to Basrah, &c., pp. 20, 21.
2 T 2