'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎591] (682/905)

CHAP. XXII.]
TIMBER.
591
wood; but large date-trees and fine timber are occasionally Trees in the
met with in other parts of the peninsula. On the banks 0 f northofArabia -
the Euphrates we find alder, silver poplar, weeping willow,
oak, ash, the plane-tree, sycamore, beech, walnut, and almost
everywhere the tamarisk. On the borders of Armenia, above
the frontiers of Arabia, the pine is very abundant; and like
the other trees, it attains a great size.
In Nedjd it is understood that there are considerable forests, Forests in
such as that of Shammar, which is described by Yusuf-el- Ned ^ d ' &c '
Miliki as being very extensive ; the timber in that forest had
suffered very much during the preceding campaign of Ibrahim
Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. , but Captain Sadleir mentions having seen in his journey
a good deal of wood in other parts of the province; the tama
risk he found large enough to roof houses. The forests of
Aden and Hadramaut are mentioned by Niehbuhr; and fine
large walnut and other trees were recently seen at several
places in the oases of 'Oman by the latest traveller who has
described the country. 1 Elsewhere, in the interior, are found
the custard apple {Anana reticulata), mulberry, orange, lemon,
lime, and other fruit-trees; but compared to the great extent
of surface, these are, like the population, very thinly scattered
over the country.
Besides the date-tree, whose branches and fibres serve for Fruits,
so many domestic uses in Arabia, and whose fruit, from its
quantity, superior quality, and general use to persons, whether
at home or on a journey, may justly be regarded as a common
necessary of life, the fruits of the country are citrons, 2 figs,
pears, quinces, tamarinds, almonds, apricots, apples, plantains
or bananas, grapes, 3 melons, pumpkins, mangos, 4 pomegranates,
oranges, lemons, plums, figs, peaches, blackberries, and wal
nuts, the produce of trees of large growth in 'Oman. 5 In Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows.
Gharendel, as well as elsewhere, there is a small juicy red
1 Lieutenant Wellsted, I.N.
2 In 'Oman; see Lieutenant Wellsted, vol. I., p. 132.
8 The vineyards are extensive in some parts of 'Oman, and wine is made
there.—Lieutenant Wellsted, vol. I., pp. 132, 142, 144.
4 In Nedjd.—Captain Sadleir, MSS.
Wellsted's Travels, vol. I., pp. 132, 139.