!['ROUTES IN PERSIA. SECTION III' [‎260v] (525/739)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000001491.0x000114/Mss Eur F111_371_0525.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'ROUTES IN PERSIA. SECTION III' [‎260v] (525/739)")
'ROUTES IN PERSIA. SECTION III' [260v] (525/739)
The record is made up of 1 volume (367 folios). It was created in 1898. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
46^
No. 211— con id.
T abriz to K armanshah, via Binab, Lallan, 8fc.
No.
of
etag-e.
Names of stages.
D istances
in miles.
E emabes.
Interme
diate.
! * Total.
is from 20 to 30 houses. A good deal of grain is
exported thence to Hamadan, local prices bein"-
somewhat higher than at Bijar, but less than
half the current rate at hfaniadan, distant only
two day's journey. Carriage is, as elsewhere on
the route, scarce ; mules may be procured in the
villages, but not in large numbers. Four miles
beyond Sera Agatch is a high rocky range, which
divides the drainage basins of the Kizil Uzan and
Tigris, and forms also the boundary lines of the
province of Karmanshah. The crest of this
ridge is crossed by the route at a low point
known as the Gardan-i-Girdakanu, which is
marked from , a distance of many miles by the
ICuh Panja, a precipitous three-peaked elevation
in the range. From the pass of Girdakanu to
Besitun, on the high road between the capital
and Baghdad, is a distance of about 56 miles, for
the most part over a very broken mountainous
country, more difficult than any yet traversed bv
the route, but still practicable for any force with
any description of carriage. The ridge of Girda
kanu once crossed, the wh^le aspect of the
country is changed ; lofty rugged mountains
flecked with snow, green valleys, winding streams
and villages with ample orchards and vineyards
tike the place of the bare slopes and barren
rocks of the Kizil Uzan valley. Of the 56 miles
from Girdakanu to Besitun, 17 only are level plain.
The,total ascents amount to 2,000 feet, and the
descents to 3,300. The pass of Girdakanu,
which is gained by an ascent of 1,000 feet, is
rugged and steep, and commanded by heights
difficult of access, but might, with no great
amount of labour, be made passable for guns.
It may also be turned, by a detour of about 20
miles, by another pass to the west of Kuh Panja.
Fourteen miles from Girdakanu, the Gawarud, an
affluent of the Tigris, reaching the plain below
Zohab, is crossed. Thence is a long ascent and
descent over the shoulder of a remarkable mountain
known as Mahin Kuh. No better pass into the
valley of^ Sangar exists, and though steep, it
might, without difficulty, be made practicable
for guns. Crossing the beautiful valley of San
gar, a third pass, the Gardan-i-Mulawas,
leading into the valley of a large affluent
of the Tigris, is reached. This is said to be
also the easiest pass from Sangar to Karman-
shah, and the formation of the range on either
side bears out the statement. Though rugged
About this item
- Content
The volume is a Government of India official publication entitled Routes in Persia. Section III. Compiled in the Intelligence Branch of the Quarter Master General's Department in India (Simla: printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1898).
The volume contains details of all land routes (numbered 1-247) in Persia starting from Russian territory and extending south as far as a line drawn from Karmanshah [Kermānshāh] south-eastwards through Burujird [Borūjerd], Isfahan [Eşfahān] and Yazd to Karman [Kermān], and thence north-east to Khabis [Khabīş] and Neh to Lash Juwain [Lāsh-e Juwayn].
The information given for each route comprises:
- number of route;
- place names forming starting point and destination of route;
- authority and date;
- number of stage;
- names of stages;
- distance in miles (intermediate and total);
- remarks (including precise details of the route, general geographical information, and information on smaller settlements, local peoples, agriculture, condition of roads, access to water, supplies of wood, and other routes).
An appendix within the volume (folios 356-359) and two separately-stored sets of loose sheets (containing routes numbers 77 (a) and 140-A, folios 363-369) give information too late for incorporation in the body of the work.
The volume also contains pockets attached to the front and back inside covers for maps. These consist of an index map showing the limits of each of the three sections of Routes in Persia (folio 2) and an index map to the routes in Section III (folio 361). There is also a fold-out map of the route from Seistan [Sīstān] to Mashad on folio 232.
An ink stamp on the front cover records the confidential nature of the publication and that it was being transmitted for the information of His Excellency the Viceroy (Victor Alexander Bruce, 9th Earl of Elgin and 16th Earl of Kincardine) only.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (367 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume contains an alphabetical cross index (folios 6-17), and an alphabetical index to names of places (folios 18-25).
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates on the last page of the loose supplementary sheets (found in the small grey folder within the main folder); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the volume also contains a printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
'ROUTES IN PERSIA. SECTION III' [260v] (525/739), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/371, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100024054422.0x00007c> [accessed 18 August 2026]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100024054422.0x00007c
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100024054422.0x00007c">'ROUTES IN PERSIA. SECTION III' [‎260v] (525/739)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100024054422.0x00007c"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000001491.0x000114/Mss Eur F111_371_0525.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000001491.0x000114/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- Mss Eur F111/371
- Title
- 'ROUTES IN PERSIA. SECTION III'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:58r, 59r:232r, 232r:233r, 234r:361v, back-i, 363r:363v, 365r:369v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence