'File 1/18 II Major Head:- Political. Subject:- Sultan of Najd's relations with Iraq.' [‎159r] (322/912)

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The file deals with political relations between the King of Hejaz and Najd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] (commonly referred to in the papers as Bin Saud or Ibn Saud) and the states of Iraq and Kuwait, particularly in terms of raids by Akhwan [Ikhwān] tribes from Najd.

The correspondence is mainly between the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Lionel Berkeley Holt Haworth) and the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain (also spelled Bahrein, Major Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett). There is also correspondence between British officials and Bin Saud. Enclosures to correspondence from the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. include copies of correspondence with the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the office of the High Commissioner, Iraq; the Colonial Office, London; the Government of India; the Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; and other British officials in the region.

The papers cover the following:

• disputes over border posts in Iraq;
• diplomatic contact between the British and Bin Saud;
• report on Bin Saud and the Iraqi press (folios 27-28);
• activities of Faisal ad Dawish [Fayṣal al-Dawīsh] and other Akhwan leaders;
• raids by Akhwan tribes, especially Mutair and Ajman;
• activities of the Royal Navy and Royal Indian Marine to protect Kuwait;
• activities of the Royal Air Force (RAF) to protect Kuwait;
• use of air reconnaissance against tribes;
• the British response to the raids, including the need to protect British subjects and British property in Kuwait (e.g. folio 79);
• note on Bin Saud by Barrett, 3 March 1928 (folios 134-140);
• use of cars, aeroplanes and armoured cars to defend against attacks by Akhwan;
• threat to British oil supplies (folios 192-194);
• descriptions of plunder taken by Akhwan from desert tribes (donkeys, sheep, goats etc.);
• Akhwan 'jehad' [jihad] against non-Akhwan tribes (e.g. folios 209-210);
• provision by British of machine guns and Lewis guns for defence of Kuwait (e.g. folio 234);
• threat of extension of conflict to Trans-Jordan (folio 310).

The Arabic content of the file consists of approximately ten folios of correspondence, mainly copies of letters from the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain.

The date range gives the covering dates of the main run of correspondence. The earliest document in the file is an enclosure to the first item of correspondence and is dated 28 January 1928.

Extent and format

1 volume (452 folios)

Arrangement

The papers are filed in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file, except where enclosures of an earlier date are filed after the relevant covering letter.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 454; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 7-453; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.

Written in

English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script

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