'Collections of travels through Turky into Persia, and the East Indies. Giving an account of the present state of those countries, as also a full relation of the five years wars, between Aureng-Zebe and his brothers in their father's life time, about the succession. And a voyage made by the Great Mogul (Aureng-Zebe) with his Army from Dehli to Lahor, from Lahor to Bember, and from thence to the Kingdom of Kachemire, by the Mogols, call'd, the Paradise of the Indies. Together with a relation of the Kingdom of Japan and Tunkin, and of their particular manners and trade. To which is added a new description of the Grand Seignior's Seraglio, and also of all the Kingdoms that encompass the Euxine and Caspian Seas, being the travels of Monsieur TavernierBernier, and other great men.' [‎45] (78/1024)

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Chap. X. of Monlieur Tavernier.
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CHAP. X. r
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Of the Caravanfera’Sj and Government of the Caravans.
PIE Caravdnfera s are the Eaftern Inns, far different from ours*, for
they are neither fo convenient, nor fo handfom. They are built fquare,
much like Cloyfters, being ufualiy but one Story high; for it is rare
to fee one of two Stories, A wide Gate brings you into the Courts and
in the midfl of the Building, in the front, and upon the right and left hand, there
is a Hall for Eerfons of the beft Quality to keep together. On each fide of the
Bail are Lodgings for every man by himfelf. Thefe Lodgings are rais’d all along
the Court two or three Steps high,, juft behind which are the Stables, where many
times it is as good tying as in the Chamber. Some will rather lye there in the
Winter, becaufe they are warm, and are roofd as well as the Chambers. Right
againft the Head of every Horfe there is a Nich with a Window into the Lodging-
Chamber, out of which every man may fee how his Horfe is look’d after. Thefe
Niches are ufualiy fo large, that three men may lye in them*, and there it is that
the Servants ufualiy drefs their Vi&uals,
There are two forts of Inns. For fome are endow’d; where you may be re
ceiv’d for Charities hike; others, where you muft pay for what you call for. There
are none of thefirft, but between Budaand Conflantinofle. Nor is it lawful for
any others to build fuch, but only the Mothers and Sifters of the Grand Signor, or
fuch Fibers, and Bajhas as have been three times in Battel againft the Chriftians.
In thefe Inns, which are built out of Legacies, there is a very good allowance of
Diet to Travellers, and at your departure you have nothing to do but to thank
the BenefaQor. But from Conftantinople to Perfid, there are none of thofe endow’d
Inns only fuch where you have nothing but bare Walls. It is for you to provide
Utenfils for your Kitchin, and a Bed to lye on : as for Provifion, the people bring
Lambs, Pullets, Butter, and Fruits in their feafons: or elfe you may buy it, provided
before hand by the Matter of theHoufe. There you alfo meet with Barley and
Straw for the Horfes, unlefs it be in fome few places that I have been at upon the
Road. In the Country you pay nothing for your Chambers *, but in the Cities you
pay fomething, though it be but a fmall matter. Ufualiy the Caravans never go
into the Towns, which are not able to contain fo many People and Horfes. When
you come to your Quarters every one looks after his own Chamber, for there is no
regard to Poor or Rich: fometimes out of Breeding, or out of Intereft, an ordinary
Tradeiman will give way to a great Merchant *, but no man k permitted to leave the
Chamber which he has once made choice of. In the night the Inn-keeper (huts up his
Gates, being anfwerable for all things that (hall be loft *, for which reafon he keeps
a Guard about the Inn. ' N '••• • "■'
As for the ‘Perfian Caravanfira’s, they are more commodious, and better built
than thofe of Turkic, and at more reafonable diftances, throughout almoft all the
Country. By which defeription of Inns it is eafie to obferve, that though thefe
Caravan [era’s are not fo commodious for the Rich as our European Inns, yet they
are more convenient for the Poor, to whom they never refufetogive admittance:
ho perfon being oblig’d to eat or drink more than he pleafes} but every one being
allow’d to fpend according to his Stock, without grumbling.
You may travel in Turkic or Perfia, either with the Caravan, or elfe in company,
ten or twelve together, or elfe alone with a^Guide, The fafeft way is to go with
the Caravan, though you are longer upon the Road, by reafon of the flownefs of
their march, efpecially when the C^m/^jconfift of Camels.
The Caravans are as it were great Convoys, which confift of a good number of
Merchants, that meet at certain times and places, to put themfelves into a con
dition to defend themfelves from Thieves, that are very rife in Troops in feveral
defert places up6n the Road. Thefe Merchants choofe among themfelves a Caravan-
Bafhi , who orders them how they (hall march, afligns the places of lodging at
night, and who with the chief of the Caravan, is a kind of Judge of the differences that
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