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Coll 1/12 'Policy in the Protectorate: treaty with the Upper Yafai Chiefs, and other Chiefs in the Protectorate' [‎39r] (77/376)

The record is made up of 1 file (188 folios). It was created in 14 Feb 1929-1 Aug 1939. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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From
Ahmed Ali and Ahmed Yehia
Arifaz (Mekadums ) at Sawadia.
Sultan Muhammad Salih of Upper Yafa.
After compliments,
We entertain good opinion of you and wish you
prosperity since we have heard of your good behaviour and that
of your people and their attachment to you. We are also
aware of the attitude maintained by vour prodecessors towards
the descendents of the Prophet. Your father Sultan Salih
had gone to the Imam and was given his desire. He was
also given the administration of Juban, Hubei ate in and
other countries. Over and above this he achieved honour
both in this and in the next world for having attached
himself to the descendents of the Prophet, but after his
return to Yafa he was (as God said) ’misled by Satan and made
to forget the mention of God etc.’ and he went over to the
enemy of Islam. You are aware that God said, ’he who agrees
to their rulership, is considered to be one of them’. May
God guide all of us to the proper path and cause you to
adhere to the right, and its people, and to the acceptable
way ? and to follow the descendents of the Prophet, and to
avoid all that is degrading such as joining the infidels
whose dealings both you and ourselves know, and attachment
to whom is but unavailing repentance both in this and in the
next world. We ward you not to adhere to any one other than
i'^aster, the Amir of the Faithful. We also warn you’not to be
unmindful, and not to hink that the Imam will neglect the
Islamic countries because^Islam has the supremacy and
nothing can surpass it. W© have written this to you because
we have received authentic news that the Mutawakilite forces
will proceed against all parts, and each force will be under
the Command of one of the sons of the Imam, may God
increase their number and save them. The people of Murad
have tendered their submission as also Eani Dhabyan, Abide
and all other Eastern parts. You must have heard of the
Whatever documents or undertakings were given to
him in the past, will be fulfilled on our responsibility, and
we will see that he is given authority over Juban and
^obeistein, as also undertakings concerning A1 Had etc., at
0! i r x? iee ^ ln S> which should be arranged before the rmvement
of the forces.
Hemember that your country extends from A1 Had, as
far as the borders ofMupeis, the distance of some days
journey. The first incidents will take place against your
border, and against other parts of Yafa thereafter.
the descendents of^the Prophet, the rulers of Islam, and our
sufferings to which the Zaraniq have been put, until they
wholly submitted. Meanwhile this is an advice of your
duties as Muslims, so that you and ourselves may be the
n T- «-x •V* i ✓v. ^ Vk 1 ^. X _ _ L i ^ *P *•' mm
r "^ iV . ^ f uncxu yuu cxiiu uui acivcs may ue one
intermediaries between our master the Imam and, vour father.
Sultan Saleh bin Omer.
This

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Content

The file contains papers regarding proposals to alter the basis of treaty relationships with tribes in the Aden Protectorate, comprising annotated treaty drafts, plus correspondence between the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political Department, the Aden Resident (later Chief Commissioner, then Governor), and the Air Ministry.

The correspondence primarily concerns a proposal by the Resident (Sir Stewart Symes) to replace existing individual tribal treaties with a single instrument, and to cease payments of fixed stipends for general service in favour of payments for services rendered. The proposed change in policy was later abandoned by the Chief Commissioner, Sir Bernard Reilly.

The correspondence also concerns Symes's conference at Lahej, and the pact with the Lahej and other Chiefs to defend against Yemeni incursion into the Aden Protectorate; the deteriorating relationship between the Aden Protectorate and the Imam of San'a; and the suggestion by the Resident that a Chiefs' council should be established along the lines of the tribal councils in Baluchistan, to act as the central authority for the settlement of tribal affairs.

The papers dated 1939 concern the Tripartite Agreement with the Qu'ayti [Qu'ayṭī] and Kathiri Sultans in the Aden Protectorate; the treaty between the British Government and Sultan Salih bin Ghalib Al Qu'ayti [Ṣāliḥ bin Ghālib Al Qu'ayṭī], Sultan of Shihr and Mukalla; and the reconstituted Qu'ayti-Kathari Agreement of 1918.

A copy of the Report by Sir Gilbert Clayton on his Mission to the Imam of San'a (Colonial Office, 1926) is enclosed at folios 156-187.

The following treaty and agreement drafts are found within the file:

  • the agreement [the Lahej Pact] between the Chiefs of tribes and districts within the Aden Protectorate made 6 April 1929 in the presence of the Resident and Commander-in-Chief, ff 119-120;
  • a draft treaty between the Chiefs of Upper Yafa and His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, agreeing to adhere to the purposes of the Lahej Pact of 6 April 1929, ff 84-85, 64-65, and 46;
  • a draft agreement reconstituting the Qu'ayti-Kathiri Agreement of 1918, between His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, His Highness the Qu'ayti Sultan of Shihr and Mukalla, and the Kathiri Sultan of Seiyun, on behalf of the Sultans of the Family of 'Abdulla al Kathiri, dated 26 February 1939, ff 19-23;
  • a draft treaty between His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, and Sultan Ja'far bin Mansur al Kathiri, Sultan of Seiyun, dated 2 March 1939, ff 17-18;
  • a draft treaty between His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, and Sultan Salih bin Ghalib al Qu'ayti, Sultan of Shihr and Mukalla, dated 13 August 1937, ff 3-6.

The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio one).

Extent and format
1 file (188 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the folder.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 188; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 15-188; these numbers are also written in pencil and circled, but have been superseded and therefore crossed out. A typescript pagination sequence is present in parallel between ff 156-87.

Written in
English in Latin script
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Coll 1/12 'Policy in the Protectorate: treaty with the Upper Yafai Chiefs, and other Chiefs in the Protectorate' [‎39r] (77/376), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/1450, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100029535656.0x00004e> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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