'GAZETTEER OF PERSIA. VOLUME II' [‎94r] (192/706)

infantry. Its exit on south side is only 50 yards broad, and it would form
a strong position facing south, if the lower hills on that side were lined
with infantry supported by mountain guns.. It is turnable west by the
Mahidasht Gavarra road, and east by the Tang-i-Shuvan. It is passable
to guns.— (Vaughan.)
GARDANEH-I-GANDABEH—
A pass in Kirmanshah, about 20 miles west of that city between the
Bilawar valley and that of Kaleh Bizarud and Darband. Elevation about
5,800 feet. It consists of an easy ro i .,d passable to all arms over low-
rounded hills, a spur from the Kuh Baluch. About f mile to the south
another road also crosses this ridge, which offers no obstacle and is open
to the movement of troops as well as the hills to the north and south of
it for some distance. It is miles east of Gandabeh.— (Vaughan.)
GARDANEH-I-GARDAKANU—“ The Walnut Pass.”
A pass, about 1,000 feet abo 'e the plain, abmt 76 miles from Kirman
shah, on the Tabriz road. It is rugged and steep, and commanded by
heights difficult of access, but might, with no great amount of labour,
I be made passable for guns. It may also be turned by a detour of about
20 miles, by another pass to the west of Kuh Panjeh.
• It marks the boundary between Kirmanshah ahd Kurdistan provinces
on the road between Tabriz and Kirmanshah. The ascent is by a steep
, and narrow path between steep and barely accessible slopes of 500 to
' l,000feet, crowned by granite peaks, total ascent, 1,000 feet. The descent
is over steep slopes, 400 feet in | mile ; path barely practicable for wheels,
but improvable without serious difficulty.— (Napier.)
G ARD ANE H-I -H AS AN-F AL AK—
A pass between Kokah and Khumain, about 50 miles north-west of
Isfahan, on the road to Hamadan. It leads into the Saneh Alvand valley
where KumI is situated. Illats graze their flocks in the neighbourhood.
The Gulpalgan plain lies below the pass.— {Jones; Floyer.)
GARDANEH-I-HAZAR CHAM— Elev. 13,000'.
Or “ The Pass of a Thousand Windings”—is a pass crossed between Afcheh
and the Ear 7 miles from the former, on the road from Tehran to Dama
vand. It is very long and wearisome, going winding up and up, disclosing
still more distant heights at every turn. But the road itself is good and
fully equal to our roads in the Himalayas.— {Stack.)
GARDANEH-I-KALUl—Elev. 6,660'.
A bare open saddle about 30 miles from Kirmanshah on the road to
Kandula. The grazing is good, and the hill to the south-west is occupied
by nomad tents ; the flocks water in the ravines below the Zilu mountain
to the south-west. There are a few patches of corn. The ascent from
the south side is gentle : the descent to the north towards Kandula is
steep and rocky. There is no wood or water on the top of the pass. Prac
ticable for laden animals, and improvable.— (Burton.)