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File 10/12 Tribal and desert information: Ikhwan raids; Motor Transport Concession, Kuwait/Basra; Ikhwan rebellion, 1927 [‎88r] (175/646)

The record is made up of 1 file (321 folios). It was created in 7 Jan 1925-31 Dec 1927. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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REPORT PIT TJZS DIIF ^ITS 1 71 ] OPE3<ATIOITS AGAIITST THE
AKHWAIT. P.TRTEER 1924-5.
COITTEiTTS.
PARA,
PART I. NARRATIVE,
SEGTIOIT I. SUIT'ARY OP YTEITS UP TO EECECBSR, 1924.
Hostilities ’between IP >T SAUB and IBU RASHID I.
The AJUv.VAU seek Presh Pi elds
The Triher of the Prtbntier Aren .2.
Obstacles to Pence 4.
Hostile In fluence of UIUG PAISAL 5.
Peculiar Terrors of AniWA!! Raids 6.
The UJAIR Conference . 7.
The AJuRVAU Refugees 8.
. Inception of Raiding Toy the Refugees 9.
Events of the Grazing Season 1923-4. 10.
Defensive Measures of 1925-4. II.
Ant i - Rri t i sh Propaganda 12.
Suonvary of Events un to Summer of 1924 ....13.
SECTIOU II. UARFATIiA OP OPEPATIO-'S OP SEAS OH 1924-5 .
Ominous Prospects .1.
Submission of Pforos^ls for Defence. 2.
Procrastinations. 2 •
The Bursting of the Storm. . ,4.
Result of the Pirst Wave of Raids 5.
Adoption of Defensive Measures 6.
Protest to IBU SAUD 7.
The Second Wv e of Raids 8.
^ Dissemination of IBU SAUD f s Prohibitive Ofders . . . . . 9.
Pos.ceful Close of the See son 10.
Raids by Refugees against the AAERJAU II.
T 0 p 0 graphical Worh 12.
PART 11. DEDUC TIOUS. DEDUC TI PITS REGARD IUG POLIC Y.
Necessity for Action I.
Advantages of Diplomati c Action 2.
Necessity for Early Preparations 2.
SECTION II. DEDUCTIONS REGARDING DEEEYSIVE IPASURES .
Annual Preliminary Arrangements
Necessity for a Single S.S.O I.
Establishment of Advanced Posts in the Desert 2.
Alarm Period Patrols
Attach of Raiders by Aircraft.
Summary of Deductions.
Simplicity of Desert Administration I.
Type Of Administrati 0 n Most Suitable 2.
Drawbacks of the Present System 2.
Appointment of Desert Administrative Official 4.
Organization of a Desert Liwah 5.
Alternative to a Desert Livrah. . 5.
Supremacy Of PAHAD BEG 7.
The DHAPIR area 8.
Present Rival Parties 9.
a Continuous Policy 10.
PART III,DESERT
ADYIUISTRATIOU,
APPENDIX I. PLYING
Necessity for
Definition of
Settlement of
Conclusions.
IN THE DESERT.
Paramount cy 12
Tribal Cases 13
APPENDIX II.USE OP
Achievements.
Pinding the Nay.
Aircraft Details.
MOTOR VEHICLES IN
THE DESERT.
Por Combatant Purposes.
Por Transport.
SKETCH I APS I NS IDE COVER

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Content

This file contains correspondence related to the British Government's relationship with Ibn Sa'ud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd].

The correspondence primarily relates to raids that were made into Iraq and Kuwait by Ikhwan forces and associated acts of livestock plunder and killing. As such, the file contains two reports regarding these raids that were submitted to the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. in Kuwait by the Senior Staff Officer of the Akhwan Defence, a British force that had been established to counter the threat of Ikhwan raids into Iraq and monitor their movements (folios 40-47 and 84-130).

The file also contains correspondence that relates to discussions concerning the construction of a paved road (for the use of motor vehicles) between Southern Iraq and Kuwait. A copy of a concession for its construction that was granted to Sayyid Hamid bin Rajab al-Naqib by the Ruler of Kuwait, Shaikh Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, is contained in Arabic (folios 67-69) and English (folios 72-75). In this context, the file contains descriptions written by the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Kuwait, Major James Carmichael More, of a number of different routes between Southern Iraq and Kuwait at the time. These descriptions are as follows:

  • Jafrah to Safwan (in English, folios 49-53 and Arabic, folios 59-62);
  • Kuwait to Basrah via Basrah and then direct to Safwan (folios 54-57);
  • Jahrah to Zubair (folios 137-146).

Towards the end of the file, the correspondence in the file discusses reports of the tensions between the Ikhwan and Ibn Sa'ud and the beginning of the Ikhwan revolt.

As well as correspondence between British officials, correspondence between Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. More and the Ruler of Kuwait, Shaikh Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah (in Arabic with English translations) appears throughout the file.

Extent and format
1 file (321 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.

An index of topics discussed is contained at the rear of the file (on folios 322-323); the folios used in this index relate to an earlier incomplete foliation system that is in uncircled pencil in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 323; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-323; these numbers are also written in pencil and circled, but are crossed through.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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File 10/12 Tribal and desert information: Ikhwan raids; Motor Transport Concession, Kuwait/Basra; Ikhwan rebellion, 1927 [‎88r] (175/646), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/5/38, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100035873421.0x0000b0> [accessed 13 June 2026]

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