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'TURKISH JURISDICTION IN THE ISLANDS AND WATERS OF THE PERSIAN GULF, AND ON THE ARAB LITTORAL' [113r] (11/28)
The record is made up of 1 file (14 folios). It was created in 7 Apr 1879. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
t 11 )
No. 62, dated 4th October 1877 (Political A., February
1.878, Nos. 268-269.) ^
#
* No. 146, dated 15th June 1877 (Political A., February
1878, No. 255).
f From Resident’s No. 159, dated 21st June 1877 (Poli
tical A., February 1878, No. 257).
ing of the Turkish flag need in no way restrict
the freedom of our action in the matter.'^
11. Upon receipt of these papers
the Secretary of State entered into
correspondence with the Foreign
Office and advised that the English
Ambassador at Constantinople should
he directed to call the serious at
tention of the Turkish Government
to the increase of piracy along
the El-Katr coast, which had re
sulted from the extension of Turkish
authority in that quarter ; and that he
should intimate the resolve of Her
Majesty’s Government not to permit
the peace of the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
to be
disturbed by expeditions proceeding
either from ports like El-Bidaa in
actual Turkish possession, or organized
by tribes recognizing Turkish suprem
acy, and despatched from the terri
tories of independent Chiefs too weak
to prevent the abuse of their ports.
He further advised that no refer
ence should be made to Odeid, be
cause it was doubtful whether the
Turkish Government exercised any
substantial authority over the Chief of
that place, and it was inexpedient to
provoke a discussion on the point. The
result of Mr. Layard’s remonstrance
was that the Turkish Government de
nied all knowledge of any piratical out
rages on the El-Katr coast, and asked
for particulars. In reply, the India
Office referred Lord Derby to Captain
Prideaux’s letters of August 1876 and
February 1877, and suggestedthat these
should be furnished to Mr. Layard for
the information of the Turkish autho
rities. In sending this correspondence
for the information of the Government
of India the Secretary of State “ inti-
“ mated the approval of Her Majesty’s
“ Government of the instructions issued
“ to the Kesident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
,
“ under date 7th May 1877, with a view
“ to prevent the post of Odeid being used
“ as a shelter for pirates.” No further
correspondence on the subject of Odeid
has been received from the Secretary
of State except the despatch of July
1878, now under consideration. >
12. In June 1877, the Kesident
described the measures taken in pur
suance of the instructions,* dated 7th
May 1877, cited in para. 10 of this note,
and a few days later he reported the
details of an outrage by sea committed
by Odeid boats upon a Wukra boat
in the preceding April.f The up-
About this item
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Memorandum written by Trevor John Chicheley Plowden, Under Secretary to the Foreign Department, Government of India, 21 Mar 1879, and published 25 March 1879 in Lahore by the Punjab Government.
The memorandum addresses the question of Turkish jurisdiction in the islands and waters of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and on the Arab littoral, looking at the entire southern coast from Koweit [Kuwait] to Ras-el-Had [Ra’s al-Hadd], but focusing primarily on the Arab coast and islands from Ras Tanorah [Ra's Tannūrah] to Ras Mussendom [Ra’s Musandam], including El-Bidaa [al-Bida], Bahrein [Bahrain], Zobara [Zubārah], El-Katr [Qatar] and the territories of the Arab Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. chiefs.
The memorandum commences with a brief history of events at Odeid [Al ‘Udayd] in the 1800s, and the uncertainty in the 1870s over whether or not it was part of the territory of the Chief of Abuthabi [Abu Dhabi] or was an independent territory, and also discusses attempts by the Chief of El-Katr to persuade the Chief at Odeid, Shaikh Buttye to hoist a Turkish flag, which he refused.
The memorandum, which cites correspondence from the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Colonel Lewis Pelly, Colonel Edward Charles Ross), goes on to consider the Turkish authorities in Nejd [Najd] and their interests in Abuthabi and Debaye [Dubai]; further claims of Turkish interest in Odeid, including in 1877 claims that the inhabitants of Odeid were paying a tribute to the Turks through the Chief of El-Bidaa; and correspondence with the Turkish Government regarding an increase in piracy along the El-Katr coast.
The memorandum focuses particularly on events in Odeid from 1877 onwards, including attempts to mediate a settlement between Abuthabi and Odeid; British intentions to support Abuthabi should a settlement not be mediated; vessels belonging to the Chief of Odeid having attacked vessels from Wukra [al Wakrah], breaching the maritime peace. The memorandum then reverts to the original questions relating to Turkish jurisdiction and concludes that Odeid is not a part of El-Katr territory, and is part of Abuthabi territory and is therefore answerable to the Chief of Abuthabi.
The memorandum then reverts to the larger question of Turkish jurisdiction and considers the area from Ojair [al-‘Uqayr] to El-Bidaa and noting that they were not considered to be responsible for that area, but could have reasonable claim to do so should they wish; it also discusses the possibility of negotiating a line of demarcation to show where Turkish jurisdiction ends and British jurisdiction commences and the need for the British Government to reserve the right to suppress maritime irregularities at sea. The memorandum concludes by considering whether the question of a line of demarcation should be put to the Secretary of State for India; how to ensure that Bahrein [Bahrain] is recognised as independent of all Governments except Great Britain; and what impact such an agreement might have on Persia.
Accompanying the memorandum is a note written by Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall, Secretary to the Foreign Department, Government of India, 7 April 1879 which supports the proposals outlined within it.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (14 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 108 and terminates at folio 121, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in the top-right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio; these numbers are also written in pencil but are not circled.
Pagination: This section of the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B126
- Title
- 'TURKISH JURISDICTION IN THE ISLANDS AND WATERS OF THE PERSIAN GULF, AND ON THE ARAB LITTORAL'
- Pages
- 108r:121v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence